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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 19, 2026

Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy (DISE) with Target Controlled Infusion (TCI) and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy (DISE) with Target Controlled Infusion (TCI) and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Published on: December 6, 2016

Sleep-disordered breathing and mortality: a prospective cohort study.

Naresh M Punjabi¹, Brian S Caffo, James L Goodwin

¹Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America. npunjabi@jhmi.edu

|August 19, 2009

Summary

Severe sleep-disordered breathing increases mortality risk, especially in middle-aged men. This condition is linked to all-cause and coronary artery disease mortality, highlighting the need for intervention.

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Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy (DISE) with Target Controlled Infusion (TCI) and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea

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Investigation into Deep Breathing through Measurement of Ventilatory Parameters and Observation of Breathing Patterns

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Published on: September 16, 2019

Area of Science:

Cardiology
Sleep Medicine
Epidemiology

Background:

Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is prevalent and linked to hypertension and cardiovascular disease.
SDB encompasses intermittent hypoxemia and recurrent arousals, posing significant health risks.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the association between SDB, intermittent hypoxemia, recurrent arousals, and mortality in adults aged 40+.
To determine if SDB sequelae contribute to increased mortality risk in a community sample.

Main Methods:

Prospective study of 6,441 adults from the Sleep Heart Health Study.
SDB assessed via apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) from in-home polysomnography.
Survival analysis and Cox proportional hazards regression adjusted for multiple covariates.

Main Results:

A significant association was found between severe SDB (AHI ≥30) and increased all-cause mortality (HR: 1.46).
Severe SDB posed a significant mortality risk in men aged 40-70 (HR: 2.09).
Sleep-related intermittent hypoxemia, not sleep fragmentation, was independently linked to mortality.

Conclusions:

SDB is associated with increased all-cause mortality and coronary artery disease mortality.
Severe SDB presents a particularly elevated risk for mortality in middle-aged men.
Findings underscore the cardiovascular implications of untreated sleep-disordered breathing.