Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 20, 2026
10:09
Leprdb Mouse Model of Type 2 Diabetes: Pancreatic Islet Isolation and Live-cell 2-Photon Imaging Of Intact Islets
Published on: May 11, 2015
Pregnancy in type 2 diabetes mellitus--problems & promises
H D McIntyre1, M K Thomae, S F Wong
1School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Mater Health Services, Australia. David.McIntyre@mater.org.au
Current Diabetes Reviews
|August 20, 2009
Summary
Obesity and Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) are rising in pregnant women. This review examines their impact on maternal and infant health, highlighting the need for better strategies to improve pregnancy outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Endocrinology
- Public Health
Background:
- Rising rates of obesity and Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in Australia present significant challenges during pregnancy.
- Increasing prevalence of pre-existing T2DM in pregnant women, sometimes exceeding Type 1 diabetes (T1DM).
- Obesity is strongly linked to adverse pregnancy outcomes, including C-sections, gestational diabetes, and hypertensive disorders.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the pathogenesis of T2DM and obesity in pregnancy.
- To evaluate adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes associated with T2DM and obesity in pregnancy.
- To emphasize the need for integrated strategies to enhance clinical outcomes.
Main Methods:
- Literature review focusing on T2DM and obesity in the context of pregnancy.
- Analysis of underlying mechanisms and clinical outcomes.
- Synthesis of current evidence on maternal and perinatal complications.
Main Results:
- T2DM in pregnancy, particularly when combined with obesity, is associated with serious maternal and perinatal risks.
- Factors like lack of preconception planning and poor glycemic control exacerbate adverse outcomes.
- Compounding effects of obesity and diabetes significantly impact pregnancy health.
Conclusions:
- Comprehensive strategies are essential to mitigate the risks associated with T2DM and obesity in pregnancy.
- Early intervention and improved glycemic control are crucial for better maternal and infant health.
- Addressing socioeconomic factors alongside medical management is vital for improving pregnancy outcomes.
Related Concept Videos
01:22Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational
Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
01:20Pathophysiology of Diabetes
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility, suggesting a...
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility, suggesting a...
01:24Type II Diabetes II: Pathophysiology
PathophysiologyType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM ) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance and progressive pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, leading to impaired glucose homeostasis. It results from interactions among genetic predisposition, environmental factors, and metabolic stressors, such as overnutrition and a sedentary lifestyle.Insulin Resistance and Glucose DysregulationEarly T2DM involves insulin resistance in skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, and the liver.
01:25Type II Diabetes Mellitus III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnosis
Type 2 diabetes mellitus develops gradually and is often asymptomatic in early stages.Clinical ManifestationsWhen symptoms appear, they include fatigue, blurred vision, pruritus, delayed wound healing, and recurrent infections, particularly candidal infections. Peripheral neuropathy may present as numbness or tingling in the extremities. Classic hyperglycemia symptoms—polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia—are less common. Most patients are overweight and frequently have associated hypertension...
01:26Type II Diabetes I: Introduction
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance, in which target tissues such as the liver, muscle, and adipose tissue respond poorly to insulin. It is also associated with inadequate compensatory insulin secretion, where pancreatic β-cells fail to produce sufficient insulin. Together, these abnormalities lead to persistent hyperglycemia.EtiologyT2DM develops through a complex interaction of genetic predisposition and environmental or...
01:15Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications
For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is based on...