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Related Concept Videos

Determination of Molar Masses of Polymers II01:27

Determination of Molar Masses of Polymers II

Polymer samples typically consist of macromolecular chains with a distribution of lengths, resulting in a range of molar masses rather than a single discrete value. Conventional descriptors such as the number-average molar mass and weight-average molar mass quantify this distribution but do not fully capture polymer behavior in solution..The viscosity-average molar mass provides a more realistic description of polymer behavior in solution because it accounts for the enhanced contribution of...
Determination of Molar Masses of Polymers I01:24

Determination of Molar Masses of Polymers I

Polymerization produces macromolecules with a range of chain lengths due to the random nature of molecular growth processes. As chains form and terminate at different stages, a single polymer sample contains molecules of varying sizes rather than a uniform structure. This variability is described using average molar masses and distribution-related parameters, which together provide a comprehensive understanding of polymer characteristics.The distribution of molar masses plays a critical role in...
Molecular Weight of Step-Growth Polymers01:08

Molecular Weight of Step-Growth Polymers

Step growth polymerization involves bi or multifunctional monomers. Bifunctional monomers react to form linear step growth polymers, whereas multifunctional monomers react to form non-linear or branched polymers.
As the step-growth polymerization involves step-wise condensation of monomers, the molecular weight also builds up eventually. Consequently, high molecular weight polymers are obtained at the late stages of the polymerization, where 99% of monomers have been consumed.
The extent of the...

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Combinatorial Synthesis of and High-throughput Protein Release from Polymer Film and Nanoparticle Libraries
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Combinatorial/high throughput methods for the determination of polyanhydride phase behavior.

Jon B Thorstenson1, Latrisha K Petersen, Balaji Narasimhan

  • 1Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, 2035 Sweeney Hall, Ames, Iowa 50011-2230, USA.

Journal of Combinatorial Chemistry
|August 21, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Biodegradable polyanhydrides, poly[1,6-bis(p-carboxyphenoxy) hexane] (CPH) and poly[sebacic anhydride] (SA), were studied for drug delivery. High-throughput methods revealed their upper critical solution temperature behavior, crucial for biomaterial applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Drug Delivery Systems

Background:

  • Biodegradable polyanhydrides are crucial for drug delivery applications.
  • Understanding their phase behavior is essential for optimizing drug release profiles.
  • Combinatorial methods offer a high-throughput approach to studying polymer blends.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the phase behavior of poly[1,6-bis(p-carboxyphenoxy) hexane] (CPH) and poly[sebacic anhydride] (SA) blends.
  • To develop and validate high-throughput methods for characterizing blend miscibility and phase diagrams.
  • To determine the phase diagram of the CPH/SA system and its potential for drug delivery.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of continuous and discrete polymer blend libraries using solution-based gradient deposition and rapid prototyping.
  • High-throughput characterization of blend compositions using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy.
  • Determination of cloud points via optical microscopy and comparison with theoretical predictions from Flory-Huggins theory.
  • Validation of results using atomic force microscopy (AFM) on blend libraries.

Main Results:

  • The CPH/SA blend system exhibits upper critical solution temperature (UCST) behavior.
  • High-throughput FTIR and optical microscopy effectively characterized blend miscibility and phase boundaries.
  • Excellent agreement was observed between experimental results (optical microscopy, AFM) and theoretical predictions (Flory-Huggins theory).

Conclusions:

  • Combinatorial methods provide a powerful tool for studying the phase behavior of biodegradable polyanhydrides.
  • The CPH/SA system's UCST behavior is well-defined and predictable using these high-throughput techniques.
  • These libraries are adaptable for various high-throughput biomaterial applications, including cell viability and biomaterial interactions.