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Brain natriuretic peptide: interaction with renal ANP system.
M Gunning1, B J Ballermann, P Silva
1Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's and Beth Israel Hospitals, Boston, Massachusetts.
The American Journal of Physiology
|March 1, 1990
Summary
Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) acts similarly to atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) in the kidneys. BNP binds to ANP receptors, modulating renal function and influencing sodium and water excretion.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Endocrinology
- Cardiovascular Physiology
Background:
- Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) is found in porcine brain and cardiac atria, circulating in plasma.
- BNP shares structural similarities with atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), particularly in its ring structure.
- Both peptides are known to influence diuresis and natriuresis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the role of BNP in modulating renal function.
- To assess BNP's ability to mimic the effects of ANP on rat glomeruli and rabbit inner medullary collecting duct (IMCD) cells.
Main Methods:
- Binding affinity studies of BNP on rat glomeruli and rabbit IMCD cells.
- Assay of particulate guanylate cyclase stimulation in IMCD cells.
- Measurement of conductive 22Na+ uptake inhibition in IMCD cells.
- Analysis of guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP) accumulation in rat glomeruli.
Main Results:
- BNP exhibited high-affinity binding to both glomeruli (Kd ≈ 900 pM) and IMCD cells (Kd ≈ 500 pM).
- In IMCD cells, BNP stimulated particulate guanylate cyclase and inhibited 22Na+ uptake, similar to ANP.
- BNP showed high affinity for low-molecular-weight receptors but lower affinity for guanylate cyclase-linked receptors in glomeruli.
Conclusions:
- BNP interacts with ANP receptors in the kidney with slightly reduced affinity and potency compared to ANP.
- BNP likely exerts its physiological effects on renal function through these ANP receptors.
- The findings support a role for BNP in regulating kidney function.