Micronucleus to distinguish adenocarcinoma from reactive mesothelial cell in effusion fluid

To evaluate the role of the scoring of micronucleated cell (MNC) to distinguish reactive mesothelial cells from adenocarcinoma cells in effusion fluid. A total of 20 cases of unequivocal metastatic adenocarcinoma and 15 controls with reactive mesothelial cell proliferation in ascetic fluid were selected for scoring of the MNC. The numbers of cells having micronuclei were counted per 1000 of the well-preserved cells in May Grunwald Giemsa stained slides in each case. The mean number of MNC in metastatic adenocarcinoma and reactive mesothelial cells were 21 + 6.53 and 2.93 + 2.63, respectively, per 1000 cells. Micronuclei frequency was significantly increased in adenocarcinoma patients compared with controls (Student's t-test, P < 0.001). The scoring of MNC can be used as an additional biomarker and to discriminate between benign reactive mesothelial cells versus metastatic adenocarcinoma in effusion fluids in difficult situation.