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Updated: Jun 20, 2026

The Nijmegen Hemostasis Assay: Simultaneous Fluorogenic Measurement of Thrombin and Plasmin Generation in a Single Well
Published on: February 27, 2026
Yin and yang of the plasminogen activator inhibitor
Jerzy Jankun1, Ewa Skrzypczak-Jankun
1Urology Research Center, Department of Urology, Health Science Campus, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, United States. jerzy.jankun@utoledo.edu
Abstract:
Plasminogen activator inhibitor type one (PAI-1) is involved in many biological processes, and depending on a disease its overexpression, deficiency or normal level can sometimes produce surprising outcomes. This paper reviews low, high, and normal levels of PAI-1 in relation to diseases, their incidents, and possible treatment. Also, a role of PAI-1 in cancer is discussed with attention to "PAI-1 paradox" and explanation of the possible therapeutic applications using this protein.
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