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Related Concept Videos

Electron Transport Chain: Complex I and II01:46

Electron Transport Chain: Complex I and II

The mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) is the main energy generation system in the eukaryotic cells. However, mitochondria also produce cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to the large electron flow during oxidative phosphorylation. While Complex I is one of the primary sources of superoxide radicals, ROS production by Complex II is uncommon and may only be observed in cancer cells with mutated complexes.
ROS generation is regulated and maintained at moderate levels necessary...
mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression03:03

mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression

The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...
mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression03:03

mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression

The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...
Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells02:53

Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells

Cancer cells accumulate genetic changes at an abnormally rapid rate due to the defects in the DNA repair mechanisms. From an evolutionary perspective, such genetic instability is advantageous for cancer development. Mutant cell lines accumulate a series of beneficial mutations that contribute to their progression into cancer.
Some of the advantages that cancer cells have on normal cells include - enhanced ability to divide without terminally differentiating, induce new blood vessel formation,...
Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells02:53

Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells

Cancer cells accumulate genetic changes at an abnormally rapid rate due to the defects in the DNA repair mechanisms. From an evolutionary perspective, such genetic instability is advantageous for cancer development. Mutant cell lines accumulate a series of beneficial mutations that contribute to their progression into cancer.
Some of the advantages that cancer cells have on normal cells include - enhanced ability to divide without terminally differentiating, induce new blood vessel formation,...
Mitochondrial Membranes01:45

Mitochondrial Membranes

A single mitochondrion is a bean-shaped organelle enclosed by a double-membrane system. The outer membrane of mitochondria is smooth and contains many porins - the integral membrane transporters. Porins enable free diffusion of ions and small uncharged molecules through the outer mitochondrial membrane but limit the transport of molecules larger than 5000 Daltons. Further, the outer mitochondrial membrane forms a unique structure called membrane contact sites with other subcellular organelles,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Transmitochondrial Cybrid Generation Using Cancer Cell Lines
07:49

Transmitochondrial Cybrid Generation Using Cancer Cell Lines

Published on: March 17, 2023

Mitochondrial gateways to cancer.

Lorenzo Galluzzi1, Eugenia Morselli, Oliver Kepp

  • 1INSERM, U848, Institut Gustave Roussy, PR1, 39 Rue Camille Desmoulins, F-94805 Villejuif, France.

Molecular Aspects of Medicine
|August 25, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Mitochondria, vital for cell life, also trigger cell death and are implicated in cancer. Deregulated mitochondrial functions contribute to tumor development and progression.

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MitoCeption: Transferring Isolated Human MSC Mitochondria to Glioblastoma Stem Cells
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MitoCeption: Transferring Isolated Human MSC Mitochondria to Glioblastoma Stem Cells

Published on: February 22, 2017

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Last Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Transmitochondrial Cybrid Generation Using Cancer Cell Lines
07:49

Transmitochondrial Cybrid Generation Using Cancer Cell Lines

Published on: March 17, 2023

MitoCeption: Transferring Isolated Human MSC Mitochondria to Glioblastoma Stem Cells
11:13

MitoCeption: Transferring Isolated Human MSC Mitochondria to Glioblastoma Stem Cells

Published on: February 22, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Biochemistry
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Mitochondria are crucial for cellular survival, ATP generation, and biosynthesis.
  • They also play a role in programmed cell death, particularly apoptosis.
  • Mitochondrial dysfunction is frequently observed in cancer cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the mechanisms by which mitochondria contribute to cancer development and progression.
  • To highlight the link between mitochondrial functions and the hallmarks of cancer.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of mitochondrial roles in cellular processes and cancer.
  • Analysis of how mitochondrial deregulation impacts cancer hallmarks and tumor features.

Main Results:

  • Mitochondria are involved in ATP production, reactive oxygen species generation, and anabolic pathways.
  • Mitochondrial dysfunction is linked to limitless replication, evasion of apoptosis, and enhanced metabolism in cancer.
  • Mitochondria integrate signals controlling cell survival and death pathways.

Conclusions:

  • Mitochondria are central to both normal cellular functions and the development of cancer.
  • Targeting mitochondrial pathways may offer therapeutic strategies for cancer treatment.