Propeller-based wireless device for active capsular endoscopy in the gastric district

Area of Science:

• Medical Devices
• Gastroenterology
• Robotics

Background:

• Capsular endoscopy traditionally relies on passive transit, limiting gastric visualization.
• Effective gastric distension is crucial for thorough endoscopic examination.
• Current methods for active gastric navigation are limited.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop and evaluate a novel, actively controlled swallowable capsule for gastric endoscopy.
• To enable precise navigation and steering within the stomach using a propeller-driven system.
• To assess the feasibility and performance of the capsule in various test environments.

Main Methods:

• Design and fabrication of a swallowable capsule (15mm x 30mm) with a wireless microcontroller, battery, and four motors.
• Utilizing a four-propeller system for omnidirectional locomotion in a liquid environment.
• Implementing remote control via a joystick and graphical user interface for endoscopist operation.
• Conducting in vitro, ex vivo, and preliminary in vivo testing.

Main Results:

• The capsule demonstrated reliable locomotion and steering capabilities in all directions within a liquid medium.
• Optimized power consumption ensured an operative lifetime suitable for gastric diagnostic inspections (approx. 30 minutes).
• Successful remote control and navigation were achieved using the developed interface.

Conclusions:

• The developed actively controlled swallowable capsule offers a promising advancement for gastric endoscopy.
• The propeller-based system provides effective navigation and steering, overcoming limitations of passive endoscopy.
• Preliminary tests indicate the capsule's potential for enhanced diagnostic accuracy in the gastric district.