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Related Concept Videos

Toxoplasmosis01:28

Toxoplasmosis

Toxoplasmosis, a zoonotic disease caused by the protozoan Toxoplasma gondii, poses significant public health challenges globally due to its high seroprevalence and varied clinical manifestations. As an obligate intracellular parasite, T. gondii can infect all warm-blooded vertebrates, but felids are its only definitive hosts, shedding unsporulated oocysts into the environment. Humans typically acquire the infection through ingestion of tissue cysts in undercooked meat or oocysts from...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever01:26

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF) is a severe tick-borne illness caused by Rickettsia rickettsii, a Gram-negative, coccobacillary bacterium. This pathogen is an obligate intracellular parasite, requiring a host cell for replication. Transmission occurs through the bite of an infected tick. In the United States, the most important vectors are Dermacentor variabilis (American dog tick) and Dermacentor andersoni (Rocky Mountain wood tick), though other tick species may also serve as vectors.
Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the progression...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Intratracheal Inoculation of Fischer 344 Rats with Francisella tularensis
06:09

Intratracheal Inoculation of Fischer 344 Rats with Francisella tularensis

Published on: September 30, 2017

[Tularemia as a pediatric problem].

Ulla Jounio1, Marjo Renko

  • 1Oulun yliopiston lastentautien klinikka ja OYS:n lasten ja nuorten klinikka, PL 5000, 90014 Oulu.

Duodecim; Laaketieteellinen Aikakauskirja
|August 29, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Tularemia diagnosis in children can be difficult due to subtle skin changes and overlapping symptoms. Early treatment with fluoroquinolones offers the best outcomes for this Francisella tularensis infection.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Bacteriology
  • Clinical Microbiology

Context:

  • Tularemia diagnosis relies on clinical presentation, with localized outbreaks.
  • Pediatric tularemia recognition is challenging due to obscured bite marks and lymphadenopathy mimicking other febrile illnesses.
  • Vesicopapular skin lesions are present in half of affected children.

Purpose:

  • To highlight diagnostic challenges of tularemia in pediatric patients.
  • To review effective antimicrobial agents against Francisella tularensis.
  • To discuss the appropriate use of fluoroquinolones in treating childhood tularemia.

Summary:

  • Tularemia diagnosis in children presents unique challenges, including masked initial signs and non-specific symptoms.
  • Fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides demonstrate in vitro efficacy against Francisella tularensis.

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  • Prompt initiation of effective antibiotic therapy is crucial for improved treatment outcomes in pediatric tularemia.

    • Impact:

    • Enhances clinical suspicion for tularemia in pediatric cases with non-specific signs.
    • Provides evidence-based guidance on antimicrobial selection for pediatric tularemia.
    • Supports the judicious use of fluoroquinolones in treating children with tularemia.