[Applications of clips in current endoscopic therapeutics]

The applications of clips in current therapeutics are increasingly numerous. Endoscopic hemoclipping for acute nonvariceal bleeding is a highly effective and safe modality for hemostasis with initial hemostatic rates of between 85 and 98% and a rebleeding rate of approximately 5-10% both in patients with peptic ulcer bleeding and signs of endoscopic risk (Forrest Ia-IIb) and in bleeding secondary to submucosal lesions, diverticular bleeding, Mallory-Weiss tear, bleeding Dieulafoy's lesions, and postpolypectomy bleeding. In addition to the effectiveness of this technique as a hemostatic mechanism, many publications have demonstrated the utility of these clips to close perforations and fistulas, to serve as a radiopaque marker and as a tool to fix accessories (feeding tubes or prostheses). However, endoscopic clipping has certain limitations depending on the nature of the injury and the type of patient, as well as high economic cost and some technical limitations.