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Updated: Jun 20, 2026

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Sensorimotor training in virtual reality: a review.

Sergei V Adamovich1, Gerard G Fluet, Eugene Tunik

  • 1New Jersey Institute of Technology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University Heights, Newark, NJ 07102, USA. sergei.adamovich@njit.edu

Neurorehabilitation
|August 29, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Virtual reality (VR) offers promising sensorimotor training for neurorehabilitation, enhancing brain reorganization and potentially speeding recovery. Future research should focus on clinical studies and brain imaging to optimize VR rehabilitation strategies.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Rehabilitation Medicine
  • Human-Computer Interaction

Background:

  • Advancements in virtual reality (VR) technology present new opportunities for neurorehabilitation.
  • VR environments can provide intensive sensorimotor stimulation crucial for brain reorganization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review existing evidence on the benefits of VR-based sensorimotor training in neurorehabilitation.
  • To discuss the mechanisms underlying VR's effects on functional recovery.
  • To identify future research directions for virtual rehabilitation.

Main Methods:

  • Review of experimental evidence on VR training for gait, upper extremity function, and balance.
  • Discussion of potential mechanisms, including sensory feedback manipulation.

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  • Identification of research gaps in clinical efficacy and optimization.

    • Main Results:

    • VR training shows beneficial effects on functional recovery in various patient populations.
    • Adaptive virtual environments and manipulated feedback can enhance sensorimotor stimulation and brain network activation.
    • Evidence suggests VR can aid in the recovery of gait, upper extremity function, and balance.

    Conclusions:

    • VR holds significant potential for novel sensorimotor training strategies in neurorehabilitation.
    • Further research, including imaging studies and larger clinical trials, is needed to optimize VR rehabilitation and confirm its efficacy.
    • Identifying optimal VR training parameters is key for maximizing real-world functional improvements.