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Related Experiment Videos

Benzodiazepines: reconsidered.

N S Miller1, M S Gold

  • 1Cornell University Medical College, New York Hospital-Cornell Medical Center, White Plains 10605.

Advances in Alcohol & Substance Abuse
|January 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary
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Benzodiazepines, introduced in 1960, were intended to be safer sedatives but cause tolerance and dependence. Misdiagnosis of benzodiazepine abuse and addiction hinders effective treatment and perpetuates harm.

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Psychiatry
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Benzodiazepines were developed in the 1960s as alternatives to barbiturates.
  • Initial goals included reduced sedative properties and lower potential for abuse, addiction, tolerance, and dependence.
  • Benzodiazepines rapidly gained popularity, with diazepam becoming the most prescribed drug by the mid-1970s.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the current understanding and clinical implications of benzodiazepine use and abuse.
  • To address the diagnostic challenges and definitional ambiguities surrounding benzodiazepine dependence and addiction.
  • To highlight how lack of clarity perpetuates benzodiazepine-related toxicity.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current evaluations on benzodiazepine use and abuse.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of diagnostic criteria and clinical practice regarding benzodiazepine dependence and addiction.
  • Examination of the relationship between benzodiazepine use, symptoms, and adverse effects.

    • Main Results:

    • Benzodiazepines demonstrably produce tolerance and dependence with both short- and long-term use.
    • Abuse and addiction are substantiated but often misdiagnosed due to confusion with other conditions.
    • Significant issues exist in defining and diagnosing abuse, addiction, tolerance, and dependence in clinical practice.

    Conclusions:

    • Despite initial intentions, benzodiazepines exhibit significant potential for tolerance, dependence, abuse, and addiction.
    • Ambiguity in definitions and diagnostic challenges impede accurate identification and treatment of benzodiazepine-related problems.
    • Lack of clarity in clinical practice contributes to the ongoing toxicity and adverse effects associated with benzodiazepine use.