Topography of bovine papillomavirus E2 protein on the viral genome during the cell cycle
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Updated: Jun 20, 2026

In situ Subcellular Fractionation of Adherent and Non-adherent Mammalian Cells
Published on: July 23, 2010
Suzanne M Melanson1, Elliot J Androphy
1Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605-2324, USA.
Abstract:
The multifunctional papillomavirus E2 protein serves important roles in transcriptional activation and genome maintenance and cooperates with the viral E1 helicase for the initiation of viral DNA replication. The bovine papillomavirus genome contains seventeen E2 binding sites, largely concentrated within the long control region, and a single E1 binding site at the origin of viral replication. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) followed by restriction enzyme digestion and PCR, we show that BPV E1 was present only in the region of an active origin of replication and that BPV E2 remained attached to definable segments of the viral genome at specific stages of the cell cycle.
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