Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 20, 2026
09:40
Measurement and Analysis of Atomic Hydrogen and Diatomic Molecular AlO, C2, CN, and TiO Spectra Following Laser-induced Optical Breakdown
Published on: February 14, 2014
Spatially resolved temperature measurements in a flame using laser-excited two-line atomic fluorescence and
Optics Letters
|September 1, 2009
Summary
This study measured flame temperatures using laser-induced fluorescence. Indium atoms seeded into the methane-air flame enabled precise spatial temperature mapping.
Area of Science:
- Combustion science
- Laser diagnostics
- Thermometry
Background:
- Accurate temperature measurements are crucial for understanding combustion processes.
- Previous methods for spatially resolved temperature mapping in flames have limitations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and demonstrate a novel method for spatially resolved temperature measurements in a methane-air flame.
- To utilize two-line laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) for precise thermometry.
Main Methods:
- Seeding indium atoms into a methane-air flame.
- Employing two-line laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) spectroscopy.
- Analyzing fluorescence signals to determine local temperature.
Main Results:
- Successfully achieved spatially resolved temperature measurements within the flame.
- Demonstrated the efficacy of indium-seeded LIF for flame thermometry.
- Obtained detailed temperature profiles.
Conclusions:
- Two-line LIF using seeded indium atoms is a viable technique for spatially resolved flame temperature measurements.
- This method provides valuable data for combustion modeling and analysis.
- The technique offers high spatial resolution for flame diagnostics.
Related Concept Videos
01:02Flame Photometry: Overview
Flame photometry, also known as flame emission spectrometry, is a technique used for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of elements present in a sample using a flame as the source of excitation energy. The concept of flame photometry was realized in the early 1860s by Kirchhoff and Bunsen, who discovered that specific elements emit characteristic radiation when excited in flames. The first instrument developed for this purpose was used to measure sodium (Na) in plant ash using a Bunsen...
01:16Flame Photometry: Lab
In a flame photometer, when a solution like potassium chloride is aspirated into the flame, the solvent evaporates, leaving behind dehydrated salt. This salt dissociates into free gaseous atoms in their ground state. Some of these atoms absorb energy from the flame, leading to their excitation. The excited atoms return to the ground state, emitting photons at characteristic wavelengths. Because only electronic transitions are involved, the resulting emission lines are very narrow. The intensity...
01:29Atomic Fluorescence Spectroscopy
Atomic fluorescence spectroscopy (AFS) is an analytical technique that involves the electronic transitions of atoms in a flame, furnace, or plasma being excited by electromagnetic (EM) radiation. When these atoms absorb energy, they become excited and subsequently release energy as they return to their original state. This emitted light, or "fluorescence," is observed at a right angle to the incident beam. Both absorption and emission processes transpire at distinct wavelengths, which are...
01:27Atomic Spectroscopy: Effects of Temperature
Atomization, converting samples into gas-phase atoms and ions, is essential for atomic spectroscopy. The flame temperature required for atomization affects the efficiency of the atomic spectroscopic methods by increasing the atomization efficiency and the relative population of the excited and ground states.
At thermal equilibrium, the relative populations of excited and ground state atoms can be estimated using the Maxwell–Boltzmann distribution. For example, an increase in temperature from...
At thermal equilibrium, the relative populations of excited and ground state atoms can be estimated using the Maxwell–Boltzmann distribution. For example, an increase in temperature from...
01:30Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Interference
In atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), high-temperature atomizers excite a broad range of elements and molecules that generate complex emissions from sources such as oxides, hydroxides, and flame combustion products in the flame or plasma. Several strategies can be employed to minimize spectral interferences caused by overlapping emission lines or bands. These include increasing instrument resolution, choosing alternative emission lines, optimally placing the detector in low-background regions,...
01:22Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation
The instrumentation of atomic emission spectrometry (AES) involves various components, including atomization devices that convert samples into gas-phase atoms and ions. There are two main types of atomization devices: continuous and discrete atomizers. Continuous atomizers, like plasmas and flames, introduce samples in a constant stream, while discrete atomizers inject individual samples using syringes or autosamplers. The most common discrete atomizer is the electrothermal atomizer.