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Related Concept Videos

NMR Spectrometers: Radiofrequency Pulses and Pulse Sequences01:17

NMR Spectrometers: Radiofrequency Pulses and Pulse Sequences

A pulse is a short burst of radio waves distributed over a range of frequencies that simultaneously excites all the nuclei in the sample. Upon passing a radio frequency pulse along the x-axis, the nuclei absorb energy corresponding to their Larmor frequencies and achieve resonance. This shifts the net magnetization vector from the z-axis toward the transverse plane. This angle of rotation of the magnetization vector, or the flip angle, is proportional to the duration and intensity of the pulse.

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20 mJ, 1 ps Yb:YAG Thin-disk Regenerative Amplifier
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High-power, subpicosecond 10-microm pulse generation.

P B Corkum

    Optics Letters
    |September 1, 2009
    PubMed
    Summary

    High-power, ultrashort infrared pulses were generated and amplified using optical semiconductor switching and a carbon dioxide (CO2) laser. These amplified pulses were then compressed to sub-picosecond durations using plasma breakdown and anomalous dispersion.

    Area of Science:

    • Laser Physics
    • Optoelectronics
    • Plasma Physics

    Background:

    • Generation of high-energy, ultrashort laser pulses is crucial for various scientific applications.
    • Carbon dioxide (CO2) lasers offer potential for high-power infrared pulse generation.
    • Achieving sub-picosecond pulse durations from infrared lasers presents significant challenges.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To amplify two-picosecond, 10-micrometer (µm) infrared pulses using a multi-atmosphere TE CO2 gain module.
    • To achieve high peak power densities within the gain medium.
    • To compress the amplified pulses to durations below one picosecond.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized optical semiconductor switching to generate initial two-picosecond, 10-µm pulses.
    • Employed regenerative amplification in a multi-atmosphere transverse-electric (TE) CO2 gain module.

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  • Leveraged plasma-breakdown waves and anomalous dispersion in sodium chloride (NaCl) windows for pulse compression.

    • Main Results:

    • Achieved regenerative amplification of picosecond infrared pulses.
    • Produced pulses with a peak circulating energy of approximately 15 millijoules (mJ).
    • Generated power densities exceeding 10^12 W/cm^2 within the gain medium.
    • Successfully compressed pulses to durations of less than one picosecond.

    Conclusions:

    • Demonstrated a method for generating and amplifying high-energy, ultrashort infrared pulses using CO2 laser technology.
    • Validated the use of plasma breakdown and anomalous dispersion as effective techniques for sub-picosecond pulse compression.
    • The developed technique shows promise for applications requiring intense, ultrashort infrared radiation.