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Assessment of Age-related Changes in Cognitive Functions Using EmoCogMeter, a Novel Tablet-computer Based Approach

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Cognitive features in euthymic bipolar patients in old age.

Christophe Delaloye¹, Guenaël Moy, Sandra Baudois

¹Division of Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Chêne-Bourg, Switzerland.

Bipolar Disorders

|September 2, 2009

Summary

Older adults with bipolar disorder (BD) show cognitive impairments similar to younger patients, with processing speed deficits significantly impacting working memory and verbal fluency. Episodic memory was also impaired, suggesting it is a core deficit alongside processing speed in elderly BD.

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Psychiatry
Cognitive Psychology

Background:

Cognitive deficits are common in bipolar disorder (BD), worsening with illness duration.
Previous research primarily focused on younger and middle-aged BD adults, leaving older adults understudied.
Understanding cognitive patterns in elderly BD is crucial given expected more pronounced deficits.

Purpose of the Study:

To determine the pattern and magnitude of cognitive impairment in older, euthymic BD patients.
To explore the interrelationship of these cognitive deficits.
To ascertain if deficits stem from a single core impairment or independent deficits.

Main Methods:

A comprehensive neuropsychological assessment was conducted.
Twenty-two euthymic elderly BD patients were compared to 22 matched controls (gender, age, education).

Main Results:

BD patients exhibited significantly reduced performance in processing speed, working memory, verbal fluency, and episodic memory compared to controls.
Executive function was not significantly different between groups.
Hierarchical regression indicated that processing speed fully mediated impairments in verbal fluency and working memory.

Conclusions:

The cognitive profile in older euthymic BD patients mirrors that of younger cohorts.
Impaired processing speed significantly contributes to cognitive changes in BD, except for episodic memory deficits.
Processing speed and episodic memory are identified as two core cognitive deficits in elderly individuals with BD.