Valence Bond Theory
Colors and Magnetism
Ferromagnetism
Spin–Spin Coupling: One-Bond Coupling
Phase Transitions: Melting and Freezing
Magnetic Field due to Moving Charges
You might also read
Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.
Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Optimizing Magnetic Force Microscopy Resolution and Sensitivity to Visualize Nanoscale Magnetic Domains
Published on: July 20, 2022
T Fennell1, P P Deen, A R Wildes
1Institut Laue-Langevin, Grenoble 38042, France. fennell@ill.fr
Researchers discovered that spin-ice materials, like Ho2Ti2O7, exhibit a Coulomb phase. This finding provides evidence for magnetic monopole excitations in magnetic systems, supporting the spin ice theory.
Area of Science:
Background:
Purpose of the Study:
Main Methods:
Main Results:
Conclusions: