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Related Concept Videos

Ophthalmic Drug Delivery Systems01:23

Ophthalmic Drug Delivery Systems

Ophthalmic drug delivery faces major limitations due to poor absorption across the corneal membrane. This process is primarily driven by diffusion and is influenced by two main factors: the physicochemical properties of the drug and tear drainage. Most ophthalmic drugs, such as pilocarpine, epinephrine, atropine, and local anesthetics, are weak bases. They are typically formulated at an acidic pH to enhance chemical stability. However, this leads to high ionization, reducing their ability to...
Dosage Regimen: Fixed Dose01:01

Dosage Regimen: Fixed Dose

Fixed-dose regimens are a common approach to administer drugs to achieve and maintain desired levels of the drug in the body. In this dosing strategy, a specific amount of medication is given at regular intervals, often multiple times a day, to ensure a consistent drug concentration in the bloodstream.
Fixed-dose regimens can be used for various routes of administration, including intravenous (IV) injections and oral medications. For IV administration, a predetermined amount of the drug is...
Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment01:27

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment

In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...
Drug Accumulation During Multiple Dosing: Intermittent IV Infusions01:24

Drug Accumulation During Multiple Dosing: Intermittent IV Infusions

Intermittent intravenous (IV) infusion is a method of drug administration where medications are delivered over short infusion periods followed by intervals of no drug delivery. This approach helps to prevent sustained high drug concentrations in the bloodstream, reducing the risk of adverse effects associated with prolonged exposure. Unlike continuous infusion, steady-state concentrations may not be achieved during a single dosing cycle but can be reached through repeated...
Oral Drug Delivery Systems: Continuous-Release Systems01:26

Oral Drug Delivery Systems: Continuous-Release Systems

Continuous-release drug delivery systems offer a strategic approach to maintaining therapeutic drug levels over extended periods following oral administration. By modulating the release rate of active pharmaceutical ingredients, these systems minimize fluctuations in plasma concentrations, which enhances clinical efficacy and reduces the need for frequent dosing. Such characteristics make them particularly advantageous in managing chronic diseases where patient adherence and stable drug...
Glaucoma: Overview01:25

Glaucoma: Overview

Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Glaucoma-inducing Procedure in an In Vivo Rat Model and Whole-mount Retina Preparation
08:30

Glaucoma-inducing Procedure in an In Vivo Rat Model and Whole-mount Retina Preparation

Published on: March 12, 2016

Glaucoma medication persistence with a fixed combination versus multiple bottles.

Eve J Higginbotham1, Jan Hansen, Elizabeth J Davis

  • 1Morehouse School of Medicine, 720 Westview Dr SW, Atlanta, GA 30310-1458, USA. Fcweijh6786@aol.com

Current Medical Research and Opinion
|September 8, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Glaucoma patients using combination therapy (one bottle) showed greater medication persistence than those using two or three separate bottles. Simplifying glaucoma treatment regimens improves patient adherence.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Glaucoma-inducing Procedure in an In Vivo Rat Model and Whole-mount Retina Preparation
08:30

Glaucoma-inducing Procedure in an In Vivo Rat Model and Whole-mount Retina Preparation

Published on: March 12, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Pharmacology
  • Health Services Research

Background:

  • Glaucoma treatment often involves multiple medications.
  • Patient persistence with glaucoma therapy is crucial for disease management.
  • The number of prescribed glaucoma medications can impact adherence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare medication persistence between glaucoma patients prescribed fixed-combination therapy versus multiple separate glaucoma medications.
  • To evaluate the impact of the number of glaucoma drug bottles on patient persistence.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective analysis of a retail pharmacy claims database from January 2004 to December 2004.
  • Three cohorts were defined: Cohort 1 (single fixed-combination therapy), Cohort 2 (two glaucoma products), and Cohort 3 (three glaucoma products).
  • Medication persistence was calculated as the percentage of patients remaining on therapy over 12 months.

Main Results:

  • Patients on single fixed-combination therapy (Cohort 1) had significantly higher persistence (35.3%) compared to those on two products (Cohort 2; 27.2%; p < 0.0001).
  • Patients on three separate products (Cohort 3) exhibited the lowest persistence rate (23.9%; p < 0.0001).
  • Increasing the number of separate glaucoma medication bottles was associated with decreased patient persistence.

Conclusions:

  • Prescribing fewer glaucoma medication products enhances patient persistence.
  • Simplifying glaucoma treatment regimens may improve adherence and long-term disease management.
  • Pharmacy claims data analysis provides insights into medication adherence patterns but has limitations.