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Why immunization coverage fails to catch up in India? A community-based analysis.
D Sahu1, J Pradhan, V Jayachandran
1National Institute of Medical Statistics, New Delhi, India.
Child: Care, Health and Development
|September 9, 2009
Summary
Community health facilities and information campaigns significantly boost child immunization rates in India. Individual factors like parental education also remain crucial for achieving universal immunization coverage.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Health Services Research
- Pediatrics
Background:
- Childhood immunization coverage is a key indicator of public health.
- Understanding factors influencing immunization is vital for improving child health outcomes in India.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the impact of community, household, and individual factors on immunization coverage in Indian children.
- To identify key determinants for enhancing child immunization rates.
Main Methods:
- Utilized National Family Health Survey-2 data.
- Employed multilevel regression analyses to assess various influencing factors.
- Included community-level variables: health facility availability, road access, and information, education, and communication (IEC) activities.
Main Results:
- Availability of health facilities and IEC activities significantly predict immunization coverage.
- Parental education, birth order, and antenatal care visits remain important individual-level predictors.
- Community-level factors play a significant role, but unexplained variations persist.
Conclusions:
- Improving community-level services and information dissemination is essential for universal immunization.
- Addressing both community and individual factors is necessary to maximize immunization coverage.
- Further research is needed to explain the heterogeneity in immunization coverage across Indian states.
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