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Ring-coupled Mach-Zehnder interferometer optimized for sensing.

Matthew Terrel1, Michel J F Digonnet, Shanhui Fan

  • 1Edward L. Ginzton Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA. terrel@stanford.edu

Applied Optics
|September 12, 2009
PubMed
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A new ring-coupled Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) sensor shows 30% higher sensitivity than conventional ring sensors. This enhanced sensitivity is achieved with lower power, reducing nonlinear effects in optical sensing.

Area of Science:

  • Photonics
  • Optical Sensing
  • Interferometry

Background:

  • Ring-based sensors are crucial for high-sensitivity measurements.
  • Mach-Zehnder interferometers (MZIs) are widely used in optical sensing.
  • Optimizing sensor design is key to improving performance metrics like sensitivity and power efficiency.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To numerically demonstrate the enhanced sensitivity of a ring-coupled Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) sensor.
  • To compare the optimized sensitivity and power requirements of the ring-coupled MZI sensor against a conventional single-bus ring sensor.
  • To evaluate the potential of the ring-coupled MZI sensor for suppressing nonlinear effects.

Main Methods:

  • Numerical simulation of optical sensor performance.

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  • Optimization of a ring-coupled Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) sensor design.
  • Comparative analysis of sensitivity and circulating power between different sensor configurations.

    • Main Results:

    • The optimized ring-coupled MZI sensor exhibits a theoretical maximum sensitivity approximately 30% greater than a conventional single-bus ring sensor.
    • This enhanced sensitivity is achieved with 25% lower circulating power.
    • The reduced circulating power is beneficial for mitigating nonlinear optical effects.

    Conclusions:

    • Ring-coupled MZI sensors offer superior sensitivity compared to traditional ring sensors.
    • The improved power efficiency of MZI sensors is advantageous for practical applications, particularly in nonlinear regimes.
    • This study highlights the potential of optimized ring-coupled MZI interferometers for advanced optical sensing applications.