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Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Fecal Glucocorticoid Analysis: Non-invasive Adrenal Monitoring in Equids
Published on: April 25, 2016
Current controversies in critical illness-related corticosteroid insufficiency and glucocorticoid supplementation
A Kendall Gross1, P Shane Winstead
1UK HealthCare, Pharmacy Services, 800 Rose Street, Lexington, KY 40536-293, USA.
Abstract:
The stress response, which is triggered by a number of factors, including surgery, results in activation of the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis and subsequent release of cortisol from the adrenal glands. Critical illness-related corticosteroid insufficiency is an inadequate corticosteroid response relative to a patient's illness; patients with critical illness-related corticosteroid insufficiency have both insufficient circulating cortisol and impaired cellular use of glucocorticoids. Corticosteroids, such as hydrocortisone, have been cited to improve survival, oxygenation, duration of mechanical ventilation, and intensive care unit-free days in critically ill patients. Perioperative glucocorticoid supplementation is also recommended in patients with secondary adrenal insufficiency due to chronic corticosteroid use.
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