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Related Concept Videos

Autoimmune Disorders01:29

Autoimmune Disorders

Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
Concept and Mechanism of Autoimmune Diseases
The immune system...
Psychoneuroimmunology: Diabetes and Cancer01:19

Psychoneuroimmunology: Diabetes and Cancer

Chronic stress has been linked to both the onset and progression of serious health conditions, including Type 2 diabetes and cancer. Type 2 diabetes, a widespread chronic illness, is closely associated with obesity and insulin resistance, both of which often worsen under stress. Studies indicate that men experiencing high levels of chronic stress face a 45% higher risk of developing diabetes compared to those with minimal stress. Stress triggers physiological responses that elevate blood...
Chronic Inflammation: Introduction01:12

Chronic Inflammation: Introduction

Chronic inflammation is a prolonged, dysregulated immune response that persists for weeks to years when the inciting stimulus is difficult to eradicate or when self‑antigens drive ongoing reactivity. Morphologically, it is defined by mononuclear cell infiltration, progressive tissue destruction, and concurrent attempts at healing via angiogenesis and fibrosis. Compared with acute inflammation, edema is less prominent while cellular infiltration predominates; triggers include persistent...
Inflammation: Introduction01:28

Inflammation: Introduction

Inflammation is a fundamental, protective biological response of vascularized tissues to cellular injury, infection, or harmful stimuli. Its primary function is to eliminate the initial cause of injury, clear necrotic cells and damaged tissue, and initiate the necessary repair processes.Cardinal SignsAcute inflammation presents with classic signs. Redness results from vasodilation and increased blood flow. Heat is due to increased metabolism and circulation. Swelling results from the...
Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity01:26

Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity

An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and reactivity.
What is the Immune System?01:38

What is the Immune System?

Overview

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Interrogating Individual Autoreactive Germinal Centers by Photoactivation in a Mixed Chimeric Model of Autoimmunity
11:12

Interrogating Individual Autoreactive Germinal Centers by Photoactivation in a Mixed Chimeric Model of Autoimmunity

Published on: April 11, 2019

A new year in autoimmunity.

Carlo Selmi1

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS Istituto Clinico Humanitas, University of Milan, Italy. carlo.selmi@unimi.it

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
|September 18, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Recent research highlights that autoimmune diseases share more common pathogenic mechanisms than distinct differences. This review summarizes 2008 findings, emphasizing the unifying nature of autoimmunity.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Autoimmunity
  • Translational Research

Background:

  • Significant advancements in understanding autoimmunity have emerged from basic, translational, and clinical research.
  • The year 2008 saw notable developments in the study of autoimmune diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review novel findings in autoimmunity reported in 2008.
  • To identify links between autoimmune diseases based on recent publications.

Main Methods:

  • Review of selected publications from prominent scientific journals.
  • Analysis of research from basic, translational, and clinical studies.

Main Results:

  • Autoimmune diseases exhibit more similarities than differences in pathogenesis and mechanisms.
  • Evidence suggests a uniform underlying scenario for various autoimmune conditions.

Conclusions:

  • The pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases is increasingly understood as a unified process.
  • Future research should focus on these shared mechanisms to advance treatment strategies for autoimmune conditions.