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Sleep deprivation and its effects on object-selective attention.

Michael W L Chee1, Jiat Chow Tan, Sarayu Parimal

  • 1Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore. michael.chee@duke-nus.edu.sg

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Sleep deprivation (SD) impairs object-selective attention and cognitive performance. While brain activity modulation by attention is preserved, its overall level and connectivity are reduced after 24 hours of total sleep deprivation.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • Sleep deprivation (SD) is known to affect attention.
  • However, it remains unclear if all attention subtypes are equally impacted.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of 24-hour total sleep deprivation on object-selective attention.
  • To examine how sleep deprivation influences brain activity and connectivity related to attention.

Main Methods:

  • fMRI scans were conducted on 26 healthy young adults after a normal sleep and after 24 hours of total sleep deprivation.
  • Participants performed selective attention tasks involving faces and scenes.

Main Results:

  • Sleep deprivation led to slower and less accurate picture classification and poorer scene recognition memory.
  • Task-related activation in the fronto-parietal cortex and Parahippocampal Place Area (PPA) was reduced.
  • The relative modulation of PPA activation by attention was preserved, but psychophysiological interaction (PPI) between the intra-parietal sulcus and PPA was reduced.

Conclusions:

  • Sleep deprivation affects object-selective attention, potentially causing both task-specific and general attention deficits.
  • Reduced PPI suggests impaired connectivity in attention networks following sleep deprivation.