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Related Concept Videos

Diabetic Nephropathy01:28

Diabetic Nephropathy

Definition Diabetic nephropathy is a chronic kidney complication that results from prolonged hyperglycemia.Prevalence It is the most common cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) worldwide, affecting up to half of individuals with diabetes.Pathophysiology • Sustained hyperglycemia triggers multiple hemodynamic and metabolic changes in the kidney. • Early in the disease, increased renal blood flow and glomerular hyperfiltration occur due to afferent arteriolar...
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion01:18

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion

In geriatric patients, renal physiology undergoes significant changes, including diminished renal blood flow and a lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR), leading to alterations in medication clearance. Drugs such as aminoglycoside antibiotics, lithium, and digoxin, which rely on glomerular filtration for removal from the body, particularly impact pharmacokinetics. These drugs tend to have slower clearance rates in older adults, necessitating careful dosage considerations.Evaluation of renal...
Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients01:15

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients

Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...
Diabetic Neuropathy01:22

Diabetic Neuropathy

DefinitionDiabetic neuropathy is nerve damage caused by long-standing diabetes mellitus. It results directly from prolonged high blood sugar levels.PathophysiologyThe pathophysiology of diabetic neuropathy involves both metabolic and vascular disturbances triggered by chronic hyperglycemia.Metabolic injury: Elevated glucose levels activate the polyol pathway within nerve cells, leading to the accumulation of sorbitol and fructose. This increases oxidative stress, disrupts normal nerve...
Diabetic Retinopathy01:27

Diabetic Retinopathy

DefinitionDiabetic retinopathy is a microvascular complication of diabetes affecting the retinal blood vessels.Risk FactorsDiabetic retinopathy is present in almost all individuals with type 1 diabetes and more than 60% of those with type 2 diabetes after two decades of disease.The risk increases with poor glycemic control, hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking, pregnancy, and puberty.Although cataracts and glaucoma are also more frequent in people with diabetes, retinopathy remains the leading...
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption01:22

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption

As individuals age, their body's physiology evolves, affecting drug pharmacokinetics. The most apparent changes occur in the gastrointestinal tract, where an increase in gastric pH, a delay in gastric emptying, and a reduction in gastrointestinal motility are observed. Remarkably, these changes do not substantially modify the absorption of orally administered drugs, particularly those absorbed via passive diffusion.Transdermal drug delivery emerges as a highly viable method for older adults due...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Whole Kidney, Medulla, and Cortical Tubules in Diabetic Pathogenesis of Kidney Injury in Mice
10:31

Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Whole Kidney, Medulla, and Cortical Tubules in Diabetic Pathogenesis of Kidney Injury in Mice

Published on: May 2, 2025

Diabetic nephropathy in the elderly.

Anthony J Joseph1, Eli A Friedman

  • 1Department of Medicine, Renal Division, Downstate Medical Center, 450 Clarkson Avenue, Box 52, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA. anjjoseph@netscape.net

Clinics in Geriatric Medicine
|September 22, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Diabetic nephropathy is a leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD), straining healthcare resources. However, new renoprotective treatments offer hope for preventing kidney failure in diabetic patients.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Whole Kidney, Medulla, and Cortical Tubules in Diabetic Pathogenesis of Kidney Injury in Mice
10:31

Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Whole Kidney, Medulla, and Cortical Tubules in Diabetic Pathogenesis of Kidney Injury in Mice

Published on: May 2, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Endocrinology
  • Geriatrics

Background:

  • Diabetes mellitus is a significant risk factor for macro- and microvascular complications, including cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, blindness, and limb amputations.
  • Diabetic nephropathy is the primary driver of end-stage renal disease (ESRD), posing substantial challenges to healthcare budgets and dialysis/transplantation facilities.
  • The increasing prevalence of elderly patients with diabetes-induced uremia is dominating nephrology practice, necessitating integrated geriatric and endocrine care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the growing burden of diabetic nephropathy as a cause of ESRD.
  • To discuss the challenges faced by nephrology in managing elderly diabetic patients with uremia.
  • To underscore the positive impact of emerging renoprotective regimens on slowing ESRD progression.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on diabetic nephropathy and ESRD.
  • Analysis of the impact of diabetes on renal function and associated complications.
  • Evaluation of the effectiveness of renoprotective strategies in diabetes management.

Main Results:

  • Diabetic nephropathy is a major cause of ESRD, leading to increased demand for renal replacement therapies.
  • Elderly diabetic patients with uremia present complex management challenges requiring multidisciplinary approaches.
  • Emerging renoprotective treatments have demonstrated efficacy in reducing the incidence of ESRD in diabetic individuals.

Conclusions:

  • Diabetic nephropathy represents a critical public health issue due to its high association with ESRD.
  • Effective management of diabetes and its renal complications is crucial for reducing the burden of ESRD.
  • There is a strong basis for optimism that advancements in renoprotective therapies will make diabetic kidney failure a preventable condition within the next decade.