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Related Concept Videos

Role of Myosin in Cell Migration01:18

Role of Myosin in Cell Migration

Myosins are multimeric motor proteins involved in various cellular processes such as migration, adhesion, and proliferation. Myosin II is the most common type in animal cells, which binds and cross-links actin filaments.
Myosin II  is a hexamer comprising two heavy chains with globular heads and coiled-coil tails, two regulatory light chains, and two essential light chains. The ATPase sites on the myosin heads hydrolyze ATP, and the released phosphate generates the force for contraction. It is...
The Role of Actin and Myosin in Non-muscle Cells01:10

The Role of Actin and Myosin in Non-muscle Cells

Actin and myosin or actomyosin filaments also play a significant role in cells other than those involved in muscle contraction (which occurs within the sarcomere of muscle cells). The mechanism of non-muscle cell contractile bundles was first observed in Dictyostelium and Acanthamoeba. In non-muscle cells, two bundles are commonly found: stress fibers and actomyosin adherence belts. These contractile bundles are smaller and less organized than the ones found in muscle cells. They  are held...
Abnormal Proliferation02:23

Abnormal Proliferation

Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the daughter...
Cells Coordinate Growth and Proliferation02:36

Cells Coordinate Growth and Proliferation

Cell size is a significant factor impacting cellular design, function, and fitness. There exists some internal coordination by which cells double their masses before division, thus, achieving homeostasis. Coordination between cell growth and proliferation depends on the checkpoints in between cell cycle phases. Loss of coordination or failure in the checkpoint mechanism can drive the cell to uncontrolled growth and loss of cellular function. Like dividing cells that coordinate cellular growth,...
The Sarcomere01:08

The Sarcomere

A sarcomere is a microscopic segment repeating in a myofibril. The sarcomere fundamentally consists of two main myofilaments: thick filaments called myosin and thin filaments called actin. These filaments interact by sliding past each other in response to stimulus. In addition to myosin and actin, several other proteins, such as tropomyosin, troponin, titin, nebulin, myomesin, α-actinin, and dystrophin, play crucial roles in regulating, structuring, and functioning of the sarcomere.
Each myosin...
Catenins01:23

Catenins

Catenins are characterized by multiple binding domains and dynamic structures that allow them to function as linker proteins in cell junction complexes. All catenins, except α-catenin, contain a characteristic protein sequence called the armadillo repeat and are therefore also called armadillo proteins.
Catenins in Cell Junctions
Catenins bind to cell adhesion molecules such as cadherins and link them to different cytoskeletal proteins depending on the type of cell junction. At the adherens...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Optogenetic Inhibition of Rho1-Mediated Actomyosin Contractility Coupled with Measurement of Epithelial Tension in Drosophila Embryos
12:35

Optogenetic Inhibition of Rho1-Mediated Actomyosin Contractility Coupled with Measurement of Epithelial Tension in Drosophila Embryos

Published on: April 14, 2023

MyosinV controls PTEN function and neuronal cell size.

Michiel T van Diepen1, Maddy Parsons, C Peter Downes

  • 1MRC Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, New Hunt's House, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, UK.

Nature Cell Biology
|September 22, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The tumor suppressor PTEN regulates cell growth by interacting with myosin V motor proteins. This myosin-based transport mechanism is crucial for controlling PTEN

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Quantitative Approaches for Studying Cellular Structures and Organelle Morphology in Caenorhabditis elegans
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Last Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Optogenetic Inhibition of Rho1-Mediated Actomyosin Contractility Coupled with Measurement of Epithelial Tension in Drosophila Embryos
12:35

Optogenetic Inhibition of Rho1-Mediated Actomyosin Contractility Coupled with Measurement of Epithelial Tension in Drosophila Embryos

Published on: April 14, 2023

Light-mediated Reversible Modulation of the Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Pathway during Cell Differentiation and Xenopus Embryonic Development
09:32

Light-mediated Reversible Modulation of the Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Pathway during Cell Differentiation and Xenopus Embryonic Development

Published on: June 15, 2017

Quantitative Approaches for Studying Cellular Structures and Organelle Morphology in Caenorhabditis elegans
08:47

Quantitative Approaches for Studying Cellular Structures and Organelle Morphology in Caenorhabditis elegans

Published on: July 5, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • PTEN is a tumor suppressor that inhibits cell proliferation, migration, and growth.
  • PTEN acts as a lipid phosphatase, antagonizing phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling pathways.
  • Mechanisms regulating PTEN's translocation to the cell membrane for activity are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of motor proteins in regulating PTEN function and PI3K signaling.
  • To identify novel interactions and mechanisms controlling PTEN localization and activity.

Main Methods:

  • Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) measurements to detect protein interactions.
  • Investigating PTEN phosphorylation by CK2 and GSK3.
  • Assessing the impact of myosin V inactivation on neuronal cell size and PI3K/mTor signaling.

Main Results:

  • PTEN directly interacts with myosin V, a motor protein.
  • This interaction is dependent on PTEN phosphorylation by CK2 and/or GSK3.
  • Inactivating myosin V's transport function in neurons led to increased cell size, dependent on PI3K and mTor.

Conclusions:

  • A novel myosin V-based transport mechanism regulates PTEN function.
  • This mechanism plays a critical role in controlling cell growth by modulating PI3K signaling.
  • Findings provide new insights into signaling networks governing cell size and tumor suppression.