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Comparison between deep breathing exercises and incentive spirometry after CABG surgery.
Julia Alencar Renault1, Ricardo Costa-Val, Márcia Braz Rosseti
1Santa Casa de Misericórdia of BeloHorizonte - Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. jurenault@ig.com.br
Deep breathing exercises (DBE) and incentive spirometry (IS) showed no significant differences in respiratory function or oxygen saturation for patients after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Both methods equally supported recovery in CABG patients.
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Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Surgery
- Respiratory Physiology
- Pulmonary Rehabilitation
Background:
- Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery can impact respiratory function.
- Postoperative pulmonary complications are a concern in CABG patients.
- Effective respiratory interventions are crucial for recovery after CABG.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the efficacy of deep breathing exercises (DBE) and flow-oriented incentive spirometry (IS).
- To evaluate effects on forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), maximal respiratory pressures, and oxygen saturation.
- To assess these outcomes in patients following coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).
Main Methods:
- Thirty-six patients undergoing CABG were randomly assigned to either DBE or IS groups.
- Non-invasive ventilation was administered for 30 minutes within 24 hours post-extubation.
- Respiratory variables were measured preoperatively and on the 7th postoperative day (POD); muscle strength and oxygen saturation were assessed on POD 1, 2, and 7.
Main Results:
- No significant differences were observed between DBE and IS groups in spirometric variables (FVC, FEV1) or maximal respiratory pressures.
- A decline in FVC and FEV1 was noted from pre-operation to POD 7 in both groups, without inter-group differences.
- Oxygen saturation fully recovered by POD 7 in both groups, with no significant differences between the intervention groups.
Conclusions:
- Deep breathing exercises and incentive spirometry yield comparable outcomes in patients post-CABG.
- Neither DBE nor IS demonstrated superior efficacy in improving spirometric variables, respiratory pressures, or oxygen saturation.
- Both interventions appear equally beneficial for respiratory recovery following coronary artery bypass grafting.