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Published on: March 30, 2014
Oral manifestations among people living with HIV/AIDS in Tanzania
F M Fabian1, F K Kahabuka, P E Petersen
1School of Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Science, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. ffabian@muhas.ac.tz
Background:
This study aimed to determine the prevalence of various oral and peri-oral manifestations in people living with HIV/AIDS in Tanzania.
Methods:
A cross sectional study. A total of 187 persons with HIV infection were recruited from non-governmental organisations serving people living with HIV/AIDS, 16.6% were males and females 83.4%. Information on weight and height, as well as extra oral and intra oral examinations for different manifestations were gathered. Treatment and referral for special care were offered.
Results:
At least one oral lesion was present in 45% of the participants. Candidiasis (28.9%) and non-tender lymphadenopathy (11.8%) were the most common lesions. Candidiasis occurred most frequently on lips/mucosa, and the tongue, and pseudomembranous candidiasis was the most frequent type. Candidiasis occurred with several other conditions and was statistically significantly associated with low body mass index (BMI).
Conclusion:
This community survey carried out in an African sub-Saharan country showed that oral lesions are frequent among people living with HIV/AIDS. As emphasised by the World Health Organization Global Oral Health Programme, national HIV/AIDS programmes should incorporate oral health components.
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