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Related Concept Videos

Minerals01:26

Minerals

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Minerals are essential nutrients that the human body needs in small amounts to work properly. They play a vital role in many bodily functions, such as building strong bones and transmitting nerve impulses. Some minerals are needed for hormone production or to maintain a normal heartbeat. Major minerals include calcium, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur, sodium, chlorine, and magnesium, while trace minerals include iron, manganese, copper, iodine, zinc, cobalt, fluoride, and selenium.
 
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Essential Minerals for Bone Health01:31

Essential Minerals for Bone Health

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The minerals contained in all of the food we consume are essential for our organ systems. However, certain essential minerals, such as calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, manganese, and fluoride, largely affect bone health.
Calcium and Phosphorus
Calcium is a critical component of bones, especially in the form of calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate. Since the body cannot make calcium, it must be obtained from the diet. However, calcium cannot be absorbed from the small intestine without...
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Tooth Anatomy01:21

Tooth Anatomy

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The human tooth enables us to eat a variety of foods, speak clearly, and even aid in shaping our faces. Teeth are composed of various elements that work together. Here's a detailed look at the anatomy of a human tooth.
The Crown, Neck, and Root
The visible part of the tooth is referred to as the crown. It's covered by enamel, the hardest substance in the human body. The crown is uniquely shaped for each type of tooth, allowing for different functions such as cutting, tearing, or...
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The Oral Microbiota01:27

The Oral Microbiota

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The oral microbiome includes a complex ecosystem comprising over 700 microbial species, identified through genomic sequencing and culture-based analyses to date. This community includes a core microbiome, found universally among individuals, and a variable component influenced by environmental factors such as diet, lifestyle, and host genetics. Site-specific conditions, including oxygen gradients, pH levels, and nutrient availability, determine the spatial distribution of these microorganisms...
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Oral Cavity01:11

Oral Cavity

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The oral cavity, or the mouth, is a complex structure in humans that plays a vital role in our day-to-day lives. Its role is not only in chewing and swallowing food; it also plays a role in speech and facial expressions.
Teeth: The teeth are the hardest structures in our bodies. Humans have two sets of teeth throughout their lifetime: deciduous (baby) teeth and permanent teeth. Each tooth consists of several parts: the crown (visible part), the root (embedded in the jaw), enamel (hard outer...
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Teeth01:15

Teeth

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The formation of teeth, also known as odontogenesis, is a complex process that begins in utero, around the sixth week of embryonic development. There are three stages to this process: the bud stage, the cap stage, and the bell stage.
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Micro-dissection of Enamel Organ from Mandibular Incisor of Rats Exposed to Environmental Toxicants
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Fluoride and Oral Health.

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    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Fluoride significantly reduces tooth decay (dental caries) through various delivery methods like water fluoridation and toothpaste. Ongoing research and evidence-based reviews confirm its safety and effectiveness in promoting global oral health.

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    Area of Science:

    • Oral Health Research
    • Public Health Interventions
    • Fluoride Chemistry

    Background:

    • The 20th-century discovery of fluoride's anti-caries effect spurred global research into its oral health benefits.
    • Epidemiological studies validate the safety and efficacy of water fluoridation programs in reducing dental caries.
    • Advancements in understanding fluoride's mechanism against caries have led to diverse application methods.

    Framework:

    • The World Health Organization (WHO) has provided expert guidance on fluoride's role in oral health since 1994.
    • This publication is a revised, evidence-based update of the WHO's 1994 document on 'Fluoride and Oral Health'.
    • It incorporates expertise from diverse fields to address complex fluoride interventions.

    Implementation:

    • Fluoride is delivered through various vehicles: water, salt, milk, tablets, toothpaste, gels, and varnishes.
    • Research and development of these strategies are supported by government health departments and grant agencies.
    • Industry plays a significant role in formulating, assessing, and promoting fluoride-based oral health products.

    Implications:

    • This updated document provides an evidence-based approach to fluoride vehicles and strategies.
    • Recommendations are informed by recent systematic reviews from peer-reviewed literature.
    • The findings support the continued use and development of effective fluoride interventions for global oral health improvement.