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The TET family of proteins: functions and roles in disease

Adelene Y Tan1, James L Manley

  • 1Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.

Journal of Molecular Cell Biology
|September 29, 2009
PubMed

Insights

TET proteins, implicated in cell growth and gene expression, are crucial in normal cells and disease. Their roles in transcription and splicing, and alterations in fusion proteins, are key areas of study.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • TATA-binding protein-associated factor 15 (TAF15) and related proteins form the TET protein family.
  • These proteins are vital for cell growth control, including gene expression.
  • Mutations in TET proteins are associated with various diseases, and they are implicated in chromosomal translocations in sarcomas.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the structure and function of TET proteins in normal cellular processes.
  • To investigate the roles of TET proteins in gene expression, specifically transcription and splicing.
  • To examine alterations in gene regulation resulting from fusion proteins involving TET proteins.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing studies on TET proteins.
  • Analysis of protein domains involved in nucleic acid binding.
  • Examination of gene expression patterns in cells with TET protein fusions.

Main Results:

  • TET proteins possess nucleic acid-binding domains.
  • They play roles in RNA polymerase II-mediated transcription and pre-mRNA splicing.
  • Fusion proteins in sarcomas involve the N-terminal transcription activation domain and a DNA-binding domain.

Conclusions:

  • TET proteins are multifunctional, impacting transcription and splicing.
  • Understanding full-length TET protein function in normal cells is an emerging research area.
  • Altered gene regulation by TET fusion proteins is a significant finding in sarcoma research.

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