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Manipulating grain processing method and roughage level to improve feed efficiency in feedlot cattle.

O A Turgeon1, J I Szasz, W C Koers

  • 1Koers-Turgeon Consulting Services Inc. and Bos Technica Research Services Inc., Salina, KS 67402.

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|September 29, 2009
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Feeding whole corn without roughage to feedlot steers decreased average daily gain but improved feed efficiency. This diet strategy impacts dry matter intake and net energy for growth, influencing overall steer performance.

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Area of Science:

  • Animal Science
  • Ruminant Nutrition
  • Feedlot Management

Background:

  • Optimizing feedlot steer performance and carcass characteristics is crucial for profitability.
  • Dietary formulation, particularly grain source and roughage inclusion, significantly impacts nutrient utilization and animal response.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effects of finishing diets containing whole corn without roughage on feedlot steer performance and carcass traits.
  • To compare whole corn diets lacking roughage against typical control diets with roughage.

Main Methods:

  • Six randomized complete block trials were conducted with 6,895 feedlot steers.
  • Pens served as the experimental unit, with steers managed uniformly across trials.
  • Treatments included a control diet with roughage and a diet with whole corn (8-23% DM) and no added roughage.

Main Results:

  • Steers fed whole corn diets without roughage had greater final body weight (BW) in 5 of 6 trials compared to control diets.
  • Average daily gain (ADG) and carcass ADG decreased (P < 0.1) in 5 of 6 trials with whole corn diets.
  • Dry matter intake (DMI) was reduced in all trials, leading to improved feed efficiency (G:F) on both BW (2/6 trials) and carcass weight (5/6 trials) bases.

Conclusions:

  • Feeding whole corn without roughage tends to decrease DMI and ADG in finishing steers.
  • This feeding strategy improves feed efficiency (G:F) and performance-calculated net energy for growth (NE(g)).
  • Dietary NDF from roughage significantly predicted DMI as a percentage of BW.