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Related Concept Videos

Carrier Transport01:21

Carrier Transport

The generation of electrical current in semiconductors is fundamentally driven by two mechanisms: drift and diffusion. These processes are essential for the functionality and performance of semiconductor-based devices.
Drift Current:
The drift of charge carriers is started by an external electric field (E). Charged particles, such as electrons and holes, experience an acceleration between collisions with lattice atoms. For electrons, this results in a drift velocity (vd) given by:
Integrator and Differentiator01:13

Integrator and Differentiator

Op-amp circuits have significant applications in various fields, including automotive engineering. One such application is cruise control systems in cars, where op-amp circuits are integral for maintaining a constant speed. In these systems, op-amps function as both integrators and differentiators.
An integrator within an op-amp circuit produces an output directly proportional to the integral of the input signal. This is achieved by replacing the feedback resistor in a typical inverting...
Capillary Electrophoresis: Instrumentation01:20

Capillary Electrophoresis: Instrumentation

Capillary electrophoresis instrumentation typically consists of several key components. A high-voltage power supply generates the electric field necessary for the separation by connecting to an anode (the positively charged electrode) and a cathode (the negatively charged electrode) located in buffer reservoirs at each end of the capillary tube. The system includes a sample vial, a fused silica capillary tube coated with polyimide for mechanical strength through which the sample components...
Carrier Generation and Recombination01:22

Carrier Generation and Recombination

Carrier generation is the process by which electron-hole pairs (EHPs) are created within the semiconductor. In direct-bandgap semiconductors, such as gallium arsenide (GaAs), this occurs efficiently when energy absorption prompts valence electrons to leap into the conduction band, leaving behind holes.
This process is given by the generation rate G and is efficient due to the conservation of momentum between the valence band maximum and conduction band minimum.
Indirect generation involves an...

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Related Experiment Video

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Measurement of Cellular Chemotaxis with ECIS/Taxis
11:37

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Published on: April 1, 2012

New technique for measuring carrier mobility using a modified boxcar integrator.

Kyung-Ryang Wee1, Won-sik Han, Ho-Jin Son

  • 1Department of Materials Chemistry, Korea University, Sejong Campus, Chochiwon, Chung-nam 339-700, Republic of Korea.

The Review of Scientific Instruments
|October 2, 2009
PubMed
Summary

A novel technique enhances signal-to-noise ratios for measuring drift carrier mobility in organic semiconductors. This method accurately determined hole mobility in NPB thin films, even at low electric fields.

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Area of Science:

  • Organic electronics
  • Materials science
  • Semiconductor physics

Background:

  • Accurate measurement of drift carrier mobility is crucial for understanding and optimizing organic electronic devices.
  • Existing techniques can be limited by low signal-to-noise ratios or require high electric fields.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a new, sensitive method for measuring drift carrier mobility.
  • To improve signal processing for transient photocurrent measurements.

Main Methods:

  • Modification of a boxcar integrator for delay-time scanning using decimal counters.
  • Repeated integration of transient photocurrent signals.
  • Signal processing to recover original photocurrent with enhanced signal-to-noise ratios.

Main Results:

  • Successfully measured the hole mobility of a 4,4(')-bis[N-(1-naphthyl)-N-phenylamino]biphenyl (NPB) thin film.
  • Calculated NPB hole mobility as 5.84x10(-4) cm(2) V(-1) s(-1) at an electric field of 2.5x10(4) V cm(-1).
  • Demonstrated enhanced signal-to-noise ratios in recovered photocurrent data.

Conclusions:

  • The developed technique offers a robust method for drift carrier mobility measurements.
  • This technique is particularly valuable for low electric field or low signal-to-noise ratio scenarios.
  • The method shows promise for characterizing organic semiconductor materials like NPB.