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Predicting deliberate self-harm in adolescents: a six month prospective study
Rory C O'Connor1, Susan Rasmussen, Keith Hawton
1Department of Psychology, University of Stirling, Stirling, Scotland. ro2@stir.ac.uk
Suicide & Life-Threatening Behavior
|October 2, 2009
Summary
Psychosocial factors like anxiety and low self-esteem predict repeat adolescent deliberate self-harm (DSH). History of sexual abuse uniquely predicted first-time DSH, highlighting the need for school-based coping programs.
Area of Science:
- Psychiatry
- Adolescent Psychology
- Public Health
Background:
- Limited research exists on psychosocial predictors of deliberate self-harm (DSH) in adolescents.
- Understanding these factors is crucial for developing effective prevention strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between psychosocial factors and the prediction of DSH in adolescents.
- To identify specific risk factors for both first-time and repeat DSH.
Main Methods:
- A longitudinal study involving 737 adolescents (aged 15-16) who completed a lifestyle and coping survey.
- Follow-up assessment conducted six months later to identify acts of DSH.
Main Results:
- 6.2% of respondents reported DSH between the two time points.
- Repeat DSH was associated with worries about sexual orientation, history of sexual abuse, family DSH, anxiety, and self-esteem.
- History of sexual abuse was the sole predictor of first-time DSH.
Conclusions:
- Psychosocial factors play a significant role in adolescent DSH, particularly for repeat episodes.
- School-based interventions focusing on coping with psychosocial stressors may be beneficial.
- Targeted support for adolescents with a history of sexual abuse is warranted.
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