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Updated: Jun 19, 2026

A Protocol for Comprehensive Assessment of Bulbar Dysfunction in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)
12:43

A Protocol for Comprehensive Assessment of Bulbar Dysfunction in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)

Published on: February 21, 2011

Brainstem pathology in spasmodic dysphonia

Kristina Simonyan1, Christy L Ludlow, Alexander O Vortmeyer

  • 1Laryngeal and Speech Section, Medical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20814-1416, USA. simonyak@ninds.nih.gov

The Laryngoscope
|October 2, 2009
PubMed

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