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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 19, 2026

Following Cell-fate in E. coli After Infection by Phage Lambda

Following Cell-fate in E. coli After Infection by Phage Lambda

Published on: October 14, 2011

Minimal gene regulatory circuits that can count like bacteriophage lambda.

M Avlund¹, Ian B Dodd, K Sneppen

¹Center for Models of Life, Niels Bohr Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Journal of Molecular Biology

|October 3, 2009

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Gene regulatory networks (GRNs) can count infecting phages to decide cell fate. This study shows diverse GRNs, including simple ones, can perform this counting task, expanding our understanding of biological decision-making.

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Published on: July 21, 2014

Area of Science:

Systems Biology
Molecular Biology
Genetics

Background:

Gene regulatory networks (GRNs) govern living system behavior but are complex to predict.
Bacteriophage lambda's bistable GRN counts infecting phages for lysis/lysogeny decisions, despite genome replication erasing initial phage number differences.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the variety of GRNs capable of performing infection counting.
To explore the role of specific regulatory elements, like CII, in GRN function.

Main Methods:

Simulated the behavior of numerous random transcriptional GRNs.
Analyzed the capacity of these networks to perform counting tasks.

Main Results:

A wide range of GRNs, including simple CI-Cro-like mutual repression networks, can execute infection counting.
Contrary to expectations, CII-like regulation enhanced simulated prophage induction rather than counting.
Identified potential regulatory mechanisms in lambda to decouple Cro and CII levels.

Conclusions:

The repertoire of simple GRNs capable of complex tasks like counting is larger than previously thought.
Infection counting may be a common strategy among temperate bacteriophages utilizing CI-Cro-like circuits.
Further research may be needed to elucidate additional regulatory mechanisms in bacteriophage lambda.