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Generating Electromagnetic Radiations01:10

Generating Electromagnetic Radiations

The German physicist Heinrich Hertz (1857–1894) was the first to generate and detect certain types of electromagnetic waves in the laboratory. Starting in 1887, he performed a series of experiments that confirmed the existence of electromagnetic waves and verified that they travel at the speed of light. Hertz used an alternating-current RLC (resistor-inductor-capacitor) circuit that resonated at a known frequency and connected it to a loop of wire. High voltages induced across the gap in the...
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Emission Spectra02:39

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π Electron Effects on Chemical Shift: Overview01:27

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Van de Graaff Generator01:15

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20 mJ, 1 ps Yb:YAG Thin-disk Regenerative Amplifier
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High-field harmonic generation in helium.

J K Crane, M D Perry, S Herman

    Optics Letters
    |October 3, 2009
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    High-harmonic generation in helium produces light up to the 45th order. The maximum harmonic observed depends on peak laser intensity experienced by the atom.

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    Hyperpolarized Xenon for NMR and MRI Applications
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    Published on: September 6, 2012

    Area of Science:

    • Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics
    • Nonlinear Optics
    • Quantum Electronics

    Background:

    • High-harmonic generation (HHG) is a nonlinear optical process where atoms or molecules interact with intense laser fields.
    • HHG is crucial for producing coherent ultrashort pulses in the extreme ultraviolet (XUV) and soft X-ray regions.
    • Understanding the factors influencing HHG, such as laser intensity and medium properties, is vital for controlling the generated spectrum.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the generation of high-order harmonics in helium using a 526-nm laser.
    • To explore the relationship between laser intensity and the extension of the harmonic plateau.
    • To determine the primary species (neutral or ion) responsible for harmonic generation in helium under specific conditions.

    Main Methods:

    • Irradiation of helium gas with 526-nm laser light.
    • Detection and analysis of generated harmonics up to the 45th order.
    • Systematic variation of laser intensity to study its effect on harmonic emission.

    Main Results:

    • Observation of harmonics up to the 45th order (11.7 nm) in helium.
    • Extension of the harmonic plateau with increasing laser intensity.
    • Evidence that the highest harmonic order is determined by the peak laser intensity experienced by the atom.
    • Predominant harmonic generation from neutral helium atoms.
    • Weak harmonic generation from helium ions due to phase-matching issues at high electron densities.

    Conclusions:

    • The maximum harmonic order in helium is directly related to the peak laser intensity encountered by the atom.
    • Neutral helium atoms are the primary source of harmonic generation in this experimental setup.
    • Phase-matching limitations in ionic HHG hinder efficient generation at high electron densities.