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Related Concept Videos

Spinal Cord01:26

Spinal Cord

The spinal cord, a critical component of the central nervous system, extends from the base of the brainstem to the lumbar region of the vertebral column. It is essential for maintaining physical stability and facilitating communication between the brain and peripheral parts of the body.
Spinal Cord: Cross-sectional Anatomy01:16

Spinal Cord: Cross-sectional Anatomy

The cross-sectional anatomy of the spinal cord offers a detailed view of its complex structure and function within the central nervous system. At the core of the spinal cord lies the gray matter, characterized by its butterfly or "H"-shaped appearance in cross-section. This central region is enveloped by white matter, with the overall structure divided into symmetrical halves by the dorsal median sulcus and the ventral median fissure.
Gray Matter and its Components
Central to the gray matter is...
The Spinal Cord01:54

The Spinal Cord

The spinal cord is the body’s major nerve tract of the central nervous system, communicating afferent sensory information from the periphery to the brain and efferent motor information from the brain to the body. The human spinal cord extends from the hole at the base of the skull, or foramen magnum, to the level of the first or second lumbar vertebra.
Pneumothorax-II01:27

Pneumothorax-II

Pneumothorax is a medical condition defined by the buildup of air in the pleural space between the lungs and the chest wall. This accumulation of air can lead to partial or complete lung collapse, resulting in a range of clinical manifestations. Understanding the clinical presentation and effective management strategies is crucial for healthcare professionals in providing timely and appropriate care to individuals with pneumothorax.
Clinical Manifestations:
Spinal Cord: Gross Anatomy01:15

Spinal Cord: Gross Anatomy

The spinal cord resides within the protective confines of the vertebral column. It is the main pathway for information traveling between the brain and the body. It plays a fundamental role in nearly all bodily functions, from simple reflexes to complex motor movements. The spinal cord begins at the medulla oblongata at the base of the brainstem and extends downward, terminating at the conus medullaris near the first and second lumbar vertebrae. The spinal cord's length in adults is...
Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella01:16

Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella

The femur is the body's longest and strongest bone spanning the thigh region. Its head articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone to form the hip joint. A minor indentation on the medial side of the femoral head, called the fovea capitis, serves as the site of attachment for the ligament of the head of the femur. This weak ligament spans the femur and acetabulum and supports the hip joint. The narrowed region below the head is the neck of the femur. The inclination angle between the neck...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 19, 2026

Surgical Technique for the Implantation of a Biomimetic Artificial Intervertebral Disc in a Goat Animal Model
07:06

Surgical Technique for the Implantation of a Biomimetic Artificial Intervertebral Disc in a Goat Animal Model

Published on: October 10, 2025

Possible parachordoma in a dog.

S F Forsyth1, K G Thompson, A F French

  • 1Institute of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Massey University, Private Bag 11222, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand. s.f.forsyth@massey.ac.nz

New Zealand Veterinary Journal
|October 6, 2009
PubMed
Summary

This study reports the first suspected canine parachordoma, a benign tumor in a Flat-Coated Retriever. The mass showed unusual cytology but did not recur after surgical removal.

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Last Updated: Jun 19, 2026

Surgical Technique for the Implantation of a Biomimetic Artificial Intervertebral Disc in a Goat Animal Model
07:06

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Published on: October 10, 2025

Contusion Spinal Cord Injury via a Microsurgical Laminectomy in the Regenerative Axolotl
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Contusion Spinal Cord Injury via a Microsurgical Laminectomy in the Regenerative Axolotl

Published on: October 20, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Pathology
  • Canine Oncology
  • Comparative Pathology

Background:

  • Parachordomas are rare tumors typically found in humans.
  • This case explores a potential canine counterpart.

Observation:

  • A 15-mm mass was identified in the subcutaneous tissue of a 6.5-year-old Flat-Coated Retriever.
  • Cytology revealed large polygonal cells with prominent nucleoli and intracytoplasmic vacuoles.
  • Histology showed similar cells within fibrous connective tissue.

Findings:

  • Immunohistochemistry demonstrated positivity for vimentin and cytokeratin (AE1/AE3).
  • The tumor cells were negative for desmin and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP).
  • Clinical, gross, histological, and immunohistochemical features resemble human parachordomas.

Implications:

  • This case represents the first suspected parachordoma in a dog.
  • The tumor, though cytologically malignant-appearing, proved benign with no recurrence or metastasis after 18 months.
  • Highlights the importance of immunohistochemistry in diagnosing rare canine neoplasms.