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Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...
RNA Editing02:23

RNA Editing

RNA editing is a post-transcriptional modification where a precursor mRNA (pre-mRNA) nucleotide sequence is changed by base insertion, deletion, or modification. The extent of RNA editing varies from a few hundred bases, in mitochondrial DNA of trypanosomes, to a just single base, in nuclear genes of mammals. Even a single base change in the pre-mRNA can convert a codon for one amino acid into the codon for another amino acid or a stop codon. This type of re-coding can significantly affect the...
Pre-mRNA Processing: Modification of pre-mRNA Ends01:35

Pre-mRNA Processing: Modification of pre-mRNA Ends

In eukaryotic cells, transcripts made by RNA polymerase are modified and processed before exiting the nucleus. Unprocessed RNA is called precursor mRNA or pre-mRNA to distinguish it from mature mRNA.
Once about 20-40 ribonucleotides have been joined together by RNA polymerase, a group of enzymes adds a cap to the 5' end of the growing transcript. In this process, a 5' phosphate is replaced by modified guanosine that has a methyl group attached (7-methyl guanosine). This 5' cap helps the cell...

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Updated: Jun 19, 2026

mirMachine: A One-Stop Shop for Plant miRNA Annotation
06:16

mirMachine: A One-Stop Shop for Plant miRNA Annotation

Published on: May 1, 2021

Analysis of miRNA Modifications.

Bin Yu1, Xuemei Chen

  • 1Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, Institute of Integrative Genome Biology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|October 6, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Plant microRNAs (miRNAs) have a 2'-O-methyl modification that protects them from uridylation and potential degradation. This study details methods to detect and analyze these crucial RNA modifications.

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A Method for Measuring RNA N6-methyladenosine Modifications in Cells and Tissues
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Last Updated: Jun 19, 2026

mirMachine: A One-Stop Shop for Plant miRNA Annotation
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MicroRNA Amplification and Recognition through Locked-nucleic-acid In situ Hybridization as a Novel Detection and Quantification Method
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A Method for Measuring RNA N6-methyladenosine Modifications in Cells and Tissues
08:56

A Method for Measuring RNA N6-methyladenosine Modifications in Cells and Tissues

Published on: December 5, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • RNA Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Cellular RNAs undergo modifications post-transcription to enhance functional diversity.
  • Plant microRNAs (miRNAs) possess a 3' terminal 2"-O-methyl group, added post-miRNA/miRNA* formation.
  • This modification is hypothesized to prevent 3' terminal uridylation, a process potentially leading to miRNA degradation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe methods for investigating 3' terminal modifications in plant miRNAs.
  • To establish a protocol for purifying specific miRNAs for molecular mass determination.
  • To develop an in vivo assay for detecting 3' terminal miRNA modifications and an incorporation assay for studying uridylation.

Main Methods:

  • Protocol for specific miRNA purification to infer modification via molecular mass.
  • In vivo method for detecting 3' terminal modifications on miRNAs.
  • Alpha-32P dATP incorporation assay to study miRNA 3' terminal uridylation.

Main Results:

  • The study presents novel methodologies for analyzing miRNA modifications.
  • These methods allow for the detection of 3' terminal modifications and the study of uridylation processes.
  • The findings support the protective role of the 2 -O-methyl group against uridylation.

Conclusions:

  • The described protocols facilitate the study of RNA modifications, specifically in plant miRNAs.
  • Understanding miRNA modification and uridylation is key to elucidating miRNA stability and function.
  • These methods contribute to the broader field of RNA biology and gene regulation.