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Related Concept Videos

Endoscopic Studies II: Thoracocentesis01:26

Endoscopic Studies II: Thoracocentesis

Thoracentesis(Thoracocentesis), commonly known as pleural tap, is a medical procedure where a 22 gauge needle is inserted into the pleural space, the area between the lung and chest wall. This procedure is commonly performed to diagnose or treat various respiratory disorders.
Description
Excess pleural fluid or air may accumulate in some respiratory disorders in the thoracic cavity. To treat pleural effusion, a physician conducts thoracentesis by carefully piercing the chest wall and entering...

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Single-Port Robotic-assisted Transaxillary Breast-conserving Surgery: A Prospective, Single-arm, Non-randomized Phase IIa Clinical Trial
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[Transaxillary dual-plane breast augmentation with endoscope assistant].

Jie Luan1, Da-Li Mu, Lan Mu

  • 1Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100144, China.

Zhonghua Zheng Xing Wai Ke Za Zhi = Zhonghua Zhengxing Waike Zazhi = Chinese Journal of Plastic Surgery
|October 7, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Transaxillary dual-plane breast augmentation using endoscopic assistance is feasible and safe. This minimally invasive technique offers aesthetic results with reduced pain and no major complications.

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Last Updated: Jun 19, 2026

Single-Port Robotic-assisted Transaxillary Breast-conserving Surgery: A Prospective, Single-arm, Non-randomized Phase IIa Clinical Trial
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Single-Port Robotic-assisted Transaxillary Breast-conserving Surgery: A Prospective, Single-arm, Non-randomized Phase IIa Clinical Trial

Published on: August 19, 2025

Endoscopic Bilateral Nipple-sparing Mastectomy via a Single Axillary Incision with Immediate Pre-pectoral Implant-based Breast Reconstruction
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Area of Science:

  • Plastic Surgery
  • Surgical Innovation
  • Minimally Invasive Procedures

Background:

  • Traditional breast augmentation often involves incisions on the breast.
  • Dual-plane techniques aim to optimize implant placement and aesthetic outcomes.
  • Endoscopic assistance can enhance visualization and precision in surgical procedures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the feasibility and outcomes of transaxillary dual-plane breast augmentation using endoscopic assistance.
  • To assess the safety and aesthetic results of this minimally invasive approach.

Main Methods:

  • A 4 cm axillary incision was used to create submuscular pockets.
  • Endoscopic instruments facilitated muscle splitting for implant placement.
  • Soft cohesive gel microtextured silicone implants (185-315g) were inserted.
  • Vacuum drainage was employed for approximately 5 days.

Main Results:

  • 79 patients underwent the procedure with satisfactory aesthetic results.
  • Reduced postoperative pain was noted due to muscle release.
  • No instances of rippling, displacement, double-bubble deformity, or capsular contracture were observed.
  • No significant complications like hematoma, infection, or hypertrophic scarring occurred.

Conclusions:

  • Endoscopic transaxillary dual-plane breast augmentation with textured silicone implants is a viable technique.
  • This method combines retromammary and partial retropectoral pocket benefits, avoiding breast incisions.
  • The procedure yields natural aesthetic results with a low complication rate.