Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 19, 2026
08:35
Improved Renal Denervation Mitigated Hypertension Induced by Angiotensin II Infusion
Published on: May 26, 2022
Perindopril: beyond lowering blood pressure.
1CHU de Nancy, Inserm, Clinical Investigation Center, Hôpital Jeanne d'Arc, 54200 Toul, France.
Future Cardiology
|October 7, 2009
Summary
Perindopril effectively treats hypertension and cardiovascular diseases by inhibiting angiotensin-converting enzyme. Clinical trials demonstrate its ability to reduce cardiovascular events and improve vascular function in diverse patient groups.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Perindopril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor.
- It is a prodrug of perindoprilat.
- It effectively lowers angiotensin II and potentiates bradykinin.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the efficacy and safety of perindopril in cardiovascular diseases.
- To highlight its role beyond blood pressure reduction.
Main Methods:
- Review of large morbidity-mortality trials including EUROPA, PROGRESS, and ASCOT-BPLA.
- Analysis of perindopril's effects on blood pressure, endothelial function, and vascular/cardiac structure.
Main Results:
- Perindopril is effective and well-tolerated for hypertension.
- It improves endothelial function and normalizes vascular and cardiac structure.
- Trials show perindopril reduces and prevents cardiovascular disease in various vascular conditions.
Conclusions:
- Perindopril is a valuable therapeutic agent for cardiovascular disease.
- Its benefits extend to patients with and without hypertension.
- It offers protection against cardiovascular events.
Related Concept Videos
01:30Antihypertensive Drugs: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), a vital component of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, is abundant in lung endothelial cells. ACE converts the inactive decapeptide, angiotensin I, into the active octapeptide, angiotensin II. This potent vasoconstrictor narrows blood vessels, increasing resistance to blood flow and elevating blood pressure. Angiotensin II also stimulates aldosterone production, encouraging kidney cells to reabsorb more sodium and water from urine, thereby increasing...
01:25Antihypertensive Drugs: Direct Renin Inhibitors
The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is an intricate physiological pathway involving numerous enzymes and hormones, including renin, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), angiotensin I and II, and aldosterone. Imbalances within this system increase the production of angiotensin II and aldosterone. Increased angiotensin II levels promote vasoconstriction and blood pressure elevation. Concurrently, higher aldosterone levels stimulate sodium and water reabsorption in the kidneys,...
01:28Hypertension IV: Drug Therapy and Lifestyle Modifications
Multiple classes of antihypertensive medications are employed in treating hypertension. The most commonly recommended first-line treatments include:Thiazide Diuretics, such as chlorthalidone, increase sodium and water excretion from the body, reducing blood volume and blood pressure.Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, like lisinopril, block the conversion of angiotensin I to II, a potent vasoconstrictor lowering blood pressure.Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs) prevent angiotensin II...
01:30Antihypertensive Drugs: Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers
In the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, a hormone called angiotensin II plays a crucial role. It binds to the AT1 receptors in vascular smooth muscles coupled with Gq proteins. The activation of these receptors activates an enzyme called phospholipase C, which releases two molecules: inositol trisphosphate and diacylglycerol. These molecules cause a chain reaction that leads to the phosphorylation of myosin light chains and promotes interaction between actin and myosin, leading to smooth...
01:26Heart Failure Drugs: Inhibitors of Renin-Angiotensin System
The activation of the sympathetic nervous system and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) contributes to cardiac remodeling, and inhibiting the RAAS is a pharmacological target in heart failure management. As a result, neurohumoral modulation is a crucial treatment principle for managing heart failure. This approach involves using medications like ACE inhibitors (ACEIs), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), β-blockers, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs), and neutral...
01:16Antihypertensive Drugs: Action of Diuretics
Diuretics are antihypertensive drugs used to treat hypertension resulting from sodium and water retention. Sodium, vital for fluid balance and nerve or muscle function, is regulated by the kidneys through millions of nephrons. Blood enters nephrons via afferent arterioles, which branch into capillaries called glomeruli. These filter blood plasma, allowing water and solutes, like sodium ions, to pass through capillary walls into Bowman's capsule. The filtrate then flows through various tubules...