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Related Concept Videos

Ionic Crystal Structures02:42

Ionic Crystal Structures

Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
Stereoisomerism02:52

Stereoisomerism

Isomerism in Complexes
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula.
Transition metal complexes often exist as geometric isomers, in which the same atoms are connected through the same types of bonds but with differences in their orientation in space. Coordination complexes with two different ligands in the cis and trans positions from a ligand of interest form isomers. For example, the octahedral [Co(NH3)4Cl2]+ ion has two isomers (Figure 1) In the cis...
Fischer Projections02:18

Fischer Projections

Learning to draw Fischer projections of molecules and understanding their relevance plays a crucial role in the visual depiction of organic molecules. A Fischer projection is a two-dimensional projection on a planar surface to simplify the three-dimensional wedge–dash representation of molecules. This is especially helpful in the case of molecules with multiple chiral centers that can be difficult to draw. Here, all the bonds of interest are represented as horizontal or vertical lines. While...
Pharmaceutical Alternatives: Polymorphic Form-Related and Particle Size-Related Therapeutic Nonequivalence01:27

Pharmaceutical Alternatives: Polymorphic Form-Related and Particle Size-Related Therapeutic Nonequivalence

Changes in polymorphic forms can significantly influence the bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs. Although the FDA defines pharmaceutical equivalence based on having the same active ingredient, dosage form, and route of administration, it does not automatically disqualify products with different polymorphic forms. This means two products with different polymorphs can still be deemed pharmaceutically equivalent. However, polymorphic differences can affect properties like wettability,...
Structures of Solids02:22

Structures of Solids

Solids in which the atoms, ions, or molecules are arranged in a definite repeating pattern are known as crystalline solids. Metals and ionic compounds typically form ordered, crystalline solids. A crystalline solid has a precise melting temperature because each atom or molecule of the same type is held in place with the same forces or energy. Amorphous solids or non-crystalline solids (or, sometimes, glasses) which lack an ordered internal structure and are randomly arranged. Substances that...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 19, 2026

A Package of Established Analytical Tools to Investigate the Solid-State Alteration of Lipid-Based Excipients
11:27

A Package of Established Analytical Tools to Investigate the Solid-State Alteration of Lipid-Based Excipients

Published on: August 9, 2022

Three isostructural solvates of finasteride and their solid-state characterization.

Nate Schultheiss1, Jared P Smit, Jason A Hanko

  • 1SSCI, A Division of Aptuit, 3065 Kent Avenue, West Lafayette, IN 47906, USA. nathan.schultheiss@aptuit.com

European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences : Official Journal of the European Federation for Pharmaceutical Sciences
|October 7, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Three new finasteride solvates were identified and characterized. Vacuum drying these finasteride forms yielded the anhydrous Form II, advancing pharmaceutical material science.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 19, 2026

A Package of Established Analytical Tools to Investigate the Solid-State Alteration of Lipid-Based Excipients
11:27

A Package of Established Analytical Tools to Investigate the Solid-State Alteration of Lipid-Based Excipients

Published on: August 9, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Pharmaceutical Science
  • Crystallography
  • Solid-State Chemistry

Background:

  • Finasteride is a key pharmaceutical compound.
  • Understanding its solid-state forms (solvates and anhydrous forms) is crucial for drug formulation and stability.
  • Previous research has identified various finasteride solvates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize novel crystalline hemi-hydrate, channel solvates of finasteride.
  • To investigate the structural relationship of these new solvates with previously reported finasteride solvates.
  • To explore the conversion of these solvates into anhydrous finasteride forms.

Main Methods:

  • Single-crystal X-ray diffraction for structural characterization.
  • Solvate synthesis using acetone, methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), and toluene.
  • Vacuum drying experiments to induce dehydration.

Main Results:

  • Three isostructural finasteride solvates (acetone, MEK, and toluene) were successfully obtained and characterized.
  • These new solvates are additional members of a known family of finasteride solvates.
  • Anhydrous finasteride Form II was produced by vacuum drying the solvates at 85°C for 1 day.

Conclusions:

  • The characterization of new finasteride solvates expands the understanding of its solid-state landscape.
  • The conversion to anhydrous Form II demonstrates a viable method for obtaining a specific crystalline form.
  • This study contributes to the knowledge base for finasteride's physical chemistry and potential pharmaceutical applications.