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Acute renal failure in intensive care unit
K Tarun Reddy1, E V Sharada, S Krishnan
1Department of Nephrology, Apollo Hospitals, Secunderabad 500003.
Journal of the Indian Medical Association
|October 9, 2009
Summary
Acute renal failure (ARF) affects 6.8% of intensive care unit patients, with sepsis and hypoperfusion being common causes. Early intervention can prevent ARF or reduce its severity, improving patient outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Critical Care Medicine
Background:
- Acute renal failure (ARF) is a significant complication in intensive care units (ICUs).
- Identifying incidence and outcomes of ARF is crucial for improving patient management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the incidence and outcomes of ARF in ICU patients.
- To identify risk factors and predictors of poor outcomes in ARF.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective study of 1100 ICU admissions over 12 months.
- Diagnosis of ARF based on blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine levels.
- Analysis of causative factors, interventions, and mortality rates.
Main Results:
- 75 patients (6.8%) developed ARF.
- Sepsis (32%) and hypoperfusion (61.3%) were primary causes.
- ARF mortality was 38.7%, significantly higher than overall ICU mortality (8.1%).
- Sepsis, oliguria, hypotension, and high Apache III scores indicated poor prognosis.
- Multiple causative factors were common.
Conclusions:
- ARF is a frequent and serious complication in the ICU.
- Prompt identification and management of risk factors like sepsis and hypoperfusion are essential.
- Preventive measures and timely interventions can mitigate ARF severity and improve survival rates.
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