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Related Concept Videos

Rheumatic Heart Disease III: Medical Management01:21

Rheumatic Heart Disease III: Medical Management

Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) management can be divided into two main strategies: prevention and long-term management.Primary PreventionPrimary prevention focuses on timely diagnosis and management of group A streptococcal pharyngitis to prevent acute rheumatic fever. The most widely used antibiotic for treating this condition is intramuscular benzathine penicillin G.Acute Rheumatic Fever TreatmentThe primary treatment goal for a patient diagnosed with acute rheumatic fever is to suppress the...
Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:22

Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

The key clinical manifestations of Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) include several distinct cardiac symptoms.Carditis, a hallmark of acute rheumatic fever, involves inflammation of the heart's endocardium, myocardium, and pericardium. Chronic RHD often results from recurrent episodes of carditis. Its symptoms include the following:Murmurs are caused by valvular damage, especially to the mitral and aortic valves. Mitral stenosis or regurgitation is common, with characteristic heart murmurs...
Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction01:23

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction

Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...
Rheumatic Heart Disease IV: Nursing Management01:20

Rheumatic Heart Disease IV: Nursing Management

AssessmentA comprehensive assessment is essential in managing a patient with rheumatic heart disease (RHD). Begin with obtaining a detailed medical history, including recent streptococcal infections, a history of rheumatic fever, or previously diagnosed rheumatic heart disease. Assess the patient for symptoms such as fever, chest pain, widespread joint pain (arthralgia), tachycardia, pericardial friction rub, muffled heart sounds, heart murmurs, peripheral edema, subcutaneous nodules, and...
Connective Tissue Cell Types01:22

Connective Tissue Cell Types

Connective tissue develops from the mesoderm of a developing embryo and consists of cells, fibers, and ground substance: a gel-like material containing large complexes of carbohydrates and proteins. Connective tissue was first identified as a separate tissue family in the 18th century, and Johannes Peter Muller coined the term connective tissue.
Fat cells (adipocytes), smooth muscle cells (myoblasts), and bone cells (osteoblasts) are some connective tissue cell types. Some immune system cells...
Nephrotic Syndrome II : Assessment and Medical Management01:26

Nephrotic Syndrome II : Assessment and Medical Management

IntroductionNephrotic syndrome is a kidney disorder marked by excessive protein loss in the urine, leading to various systemic complications. This condition often results from damage to the glomeruli—the kidney's filtering units—causing proteinuria, low blood protein levels, and fluid retention. Understanding the assessment, diagnosis, and management of nephrotic syndrome is essential for effective treatment and prevention of further kidney damage.AssessmentPatient History: Document any history...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 19, 2026

An Adoptive Transfer Model of Rheumatoid Arthritis in Mice
07:37

An Adoptive Transfer Model of Rheumatoid Arthritis in Mice

Published on: June 6, 2025

Update on rheumatology: part 2.

Leslie Neal-Boylan1

  • 1Yale University School of Nursing, New Haven, CT 06519, USA. Leslie.neal-boylan@yale.edu

Home Healthcare Nurse
|October 13, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A 60-year-old woman presents with severe Raynaud's phenomenon, pulmonary fibrosis, GERD with dysphagia, and muscle weakness. A rheumatological diagnosis is considered, and home health clinical actions are outlined.

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Last Updated: Jun 19, 2026

An Adoptive Transfer Model of Rheumatoid Arthritis in Mice
07:37

An Adoptive Transfer Model of Rheumatoid Arthritis in Mice

Published on: June 6, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Pulmonology
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • The case involves a 60-year-old female patient with a complex medical history.
  • Key symptoms include severe Raynaud's phenomenon, bibasilar pulmonary fibrosis, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) with dysphagia, and generalized muscle weakness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine a possible rheumatological diagnosis for the patient's constellation of symptoms.
  • To outline appropriate next steps for a home health clinician managing this patient.

Main Methods:

  • Clinical case review.
  • Symptom analysis and correlation with potential rheumatological conditions.
  • Assessment of home health management strategies.

Main Results:

  • The presented symptoms suggest a potential connective tissue disease, possibly systemic sclerosis, given the combination of Raynaud's phenomenon, pulmonary fibrosis, and dysphagia.
  • Further investigations may include autoantibody testing and pulmonary function tests.

Conclusions:

  • A rheumatological workup is indicated to confirm or exclude conditions like systemic sclerosis.
  • Home health clinicians should focus on multidisciplinary care, symptom management (e.g., for dysphagia and GERD), and monitoring for disease progression.