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Related Concept Videos

Neuroplasticity01:01

Neuroplasticity

Neuroplasticity reflects the brain's remarkable capacity to adapt and evolve, responding dynamically to learning, experiences, or injury by reorganizing its neural circuitry. This reorganization involves creating new neural connections and refining old ones through a series of biological processes that contribute to the brain's lifelong development and adaptability.
Brain Imaging01:14

Brain Imaging

Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
These technologies include computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scans), positron-emission tomography (PET scans),  magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),  functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS).
Long-term Potentiation01:35

Long-term Potentiation

Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre- and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 19, 2026

Fiber Connections of the Supplementary Motor Area Revisited: Methodology of Fiber Dissection, DTI, and Three Dimensional Documentation
16:23

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Training induces changes in white-matter architecture.

Jan Scholz1, Miriam C Klein, Timothy E J Behrens

  • 1Oxford Centre for Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Brain, Oxford, UK. jscholz@fmrib.ox.ac.uk

Nature Neuroscience
|October 13, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study shows the first evidence of white matter changes in the adult brain after learning a new skill. Diffusion imaging revealed microstructural alterations in the white matter following visuo-motor training.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neuroimaging
  • Human Brain Plasticity

Background:

  • Experience-dependent structural plasticity is well-documented in gray matter.
  • Evidence for similar white matter changes in adults is limited.
  • Understanding white matter adaptability is crucial for brain health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether learning a complex visuo-motor skill induces structural changes in adult white matter.
  • To provide the first evidence of training-related white matter alterations in healthy adults.

Main Methods:

  • Diffusion imaging was employed to assess white matter microstructure.
  • Fractional anisotropy (FA), a key microstructural measure, was quantified.
  • Changes were localized to white matter underlying the intraparietal sulcus.

Main Results:

  • A localized increase in fractional anisotropy was detected in the targeted white matter region.
  • This increase suggests microstructural changes occurred following the visuo-motor training.

Conclusions:

  • The findings provide the first evidence for experience-dependent structural plasticity in human adult white matter.
  • This demonstrates that the white matter is adaptable and can undergo structural modifications in response to learning complex skills.