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Published on: July 9, 2020
Noninvasive ventilation in cats
Judy E Brown1, Alexa M E Bersenas, Karol A Mathews
1Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada. jebrown@uoguelph.ca
Summary
Noninvasive mechanical ventilation (NIV) is feasible in cats, showing no cardiovascular or anesthetic drug requirement differences compared to invasive methods. Proper mask fit is crucial for effective NIV, warranting further investigation.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Anesthesiology
- Respiratory Medicine
- Comparative Medicine
Background:
- Mechanical ventilation is critical in veterinary critical care.
- Noninvasive mechanical ventilation (NIV) offers a less invasive alternative to endotracheal intubation.
- Assessing the feasibility and impact of NIV in feline patients is essential.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the feasibility of noninvasive mechanical ventilation (NIV) in cats.
- To compare cardiovascular parameters and anesthetic drug requirements between NIV and invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV).
Main Methods:
- A randomized, cross-over study design was employed.
- Eight healthy adult cats underwent both NIV via nasal mask and IMV using an endotracheal tube for 6-hour periods.
- Anesthesia was maintained with continuous propofol and butorphanol infusions.
Main Results:
- Noninvasive mechanical ventilation (NIV) was successfully achieved in all cats.
- No significant differences were observed in cardiovascular parameters, drug requirements, or sedation scores between NIV and IMV.
- While PaCO2 levels were similar, PaO2 was higher with IMV. Inspiratory volumes were comparable, but expiratory volumes were lower with NIV, which also required higher inspiratory pressures.
Conclusions:
- Noninvasive mechanical ventilation (NIV) is a viable option for cats.
- Currently, NIV does not provide cardiovascular benefits over invasive ventilation, and anesthetic drug needs are similar.
- Effective NIV requires a well-fitting mask to prevent air leaks, and further research is recommended.
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