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Related Concept Videos

Hypertension II: Pathophysiology01:29

Hypertension II: Pathophysiology

Hypertension is a chronic condition in which the blood's force against artery walls is excessively high, posing risks such as heart disease. The condition's underlying mechanisms involve complex interactions among the cardiovascular, kidney, and autonomic nervous systems.Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS): This system significantly influences blood pressure regulation. When blood pressure decreases, the kidneys secrete renin. This enzyme transforms angiotensinogen, a plasma protein,...
Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology01:29

Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology

Systolic Heart Failure and Compensatory MechanismsSystolic heart failure (also termed HFrEF, Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction) is the most prevalent type of heart filure. It results in a decreased volume of blood being pumped from the ventricle. The aortic arch and carotid sinuses have baroreceptors that detect reduced blood pressure, triggering the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) to release epinephrine and norepinephrine. Initially, this response aims to boost heart rate and...
Pathophysiology of Heart Failure01:17

Pathophysiology of Heart Failure

Heart failure (HF) is a progressive syndrome involving ventricles that leads to inadequate cardiac output. It can be classified based on location and output or ejection fraction. Ejection fraction (EF) is an essential measurement in the diagnosis and surveillance of HF. Reduced EF corresponds to systolic heart failure (HFrEF). However, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Also known as diastolic HF, this form of HF is related to aging. The...
Hypertension and Regulation of Blood Pressure01:18

Hypertension and Regulation of Blood Pressure

Hypertension, the most common cardiovascular disease, is diagnosed through repeated measurements of elevated blood pressure. Its risks, including damage to the kidney, heart, and brain, are directly proportional to blood pressure levels. Starting from 115/75 mm Hg, the risk of cardiovascular disease doubles with each increment of 20/10 mm Hg. The diagnosis relies on blood pressure measurements, not on patient symptoms, as hypertension is often asymptomatic until end-organ damage is imminent or...
Hypertension III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:30

Hypertension III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

Hypertension is asymptomatic and also referred to as the "silent killer" until it progresses to a severe stage or causes target organ disease. Patients may experience symptoms stemming from the strain on blood vessels and tissues in various organs or the heart's increased workload.Physical exams might show no abnormalities other than high blood pressure. Signs of vascular damage, when present, correspond to the organs supplied by the affected vessels, leading to target organ damage. For...
Disorders of the Autonomic Nervous System01:18

Disorders of the Autonomic Nervous System

The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is an intricate network of nerves that controls functions such as the regulation of heart rate, digestion, and blood pressure regulation. When this system malfunctions, it can lead to various disorders that affect multiple bodily functions. One common feature of many autonomic disorders is the involvement of smooth blood vessels, which play a crucial role in regulating blood flow throughout the body.
Raynaud's disease, also known as Raynaud's phenomenon, is a...

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Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

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[Mitochondrial energy conversion disturbance with decrease in ATP production as a source of systemic arterial hypertension].

Kardiologiia·2008
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[Insufficient ATP production due to mitochondrial calcium overload as a source of blood pressure elevation in primary hypertension].

Kardiologiia·2005
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[Calcium induced calcium release from liver mitochondria of spontaneously hypertensive rats].

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[Decreased ATP-synthesis ability of brain mitochondria in spontaneously hypertensive rats].

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[On the role of insufficient mitochondrial energy production in primary hypertension: the neurogenic constitutive of the pathogenesis].

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[The role of mitochondrial calcium overload and energy deficiency in pathogenesis of arterial hypertension].

Arkhiv patologii·2001

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 19, 2026

Mesenteric Artery Contraction and Relaxation Studies Using Automated Wire Myography
07:51

Mesenteric Artery Contraction and Relaxation Studies Using Automated Wire Myography

Published on: September 22, 2011

[Energy-dependent pathogenesis in chronic hypertension].

Iu V Postnov

    Arkhiv Patologii
    |October 15, 2009
    PubMed
    Summary

    Arterial hypertension stems from cellular energy deficiency due to mitochondrial dysfunction. Elevated blood pressure (BP) is a compensatory response to correct metabolic disturbances, but can become irreversible.

    Area of Science:

    • Cardiovascular Research
    • Mitochondrial Biology
    • Hypertension Pathophysiology

    Context:

    • Arterial hypertension is a complex condition with multifactorial origins.
    • Mitochondrial dysfunction and cellular energy deficits are increasingly recognized as contributing factors.
    • Existing research often focuses on systemic factors, with less emphasis on cellular energy metabolism.

    Purpose:

    • To present a novel perspective on arterial hypertension, linking it directly to cellular energy deficiency.
    • To elucidate the role of mitochondrial dysfunction, specifically impaired ATP production, in the pathogenesis of hypertension.
    • To explore the compensatory mechanisms and the progression of hypertension towards irreversibility.

    Summary:

    • Stable increase in systemic blood pressure (BP) is causally linked to cellular and tissue energy deficiency.

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    Last Updated: Jun 19, 2026

    Mesenteric Artery Contraction and Relaxation Studies Using Automated Wire Myography
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    Published on: September 22, 2011

    The Antihypertensive Effects and Mechanisms of Huotan Jiedu Tongluo Decoction in Rats with H-Type Hypertension
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    The Antihypertensive Effects and Mechanisms of Huotan Jiedu Tongluo Decoction in Rats with H-Type Hypertension

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  • Mitochondrial dysfunction, characterized by impaired energy conversion and decreased ATP production, underlies this energy deficit.
  • In primary hypertension, mitochondrial calcium overload is implicated, while secondary hypertension may involve uncoupling agents triggering mitochondrial dysfunction.
  • Hypertension initiation involves sympathetic nervous system activation, with elevated BP acting as a compensatory mechanism for ATP deficiency.
  • Kidney involvement, vascular remodeling, and sclerotic changes contribute to BP stabilization and the development of irreversible hypertension.

    • Impact:

    • This review offers a new paradigm for understanding hypertension, focusing on cellular bioenergetics.
    • Highlights the critical role of mitochondria in hypertension, potentially opening new therapeutic targets.
    • Provides insights into the transition of hypertension from a compensatory state to an irreversible condition.