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Brain Imaging

Brain Imaging

Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
These technologies include computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scans), positron-emission tomography (PET scans), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS).

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 19, 2026

A Rapid Approach to High-Resolution Fluorescence Imaging in Semi-Thick Brain Slices

A Rapid Approach to High-Resolution Fluorescence Imaging in Semi-Thick Brain Slices

Published on: July 26, 2011

Molecular genetics and imaging technologies for circuit-based neuroanatomy.

Benjamin R Arenkiel¹, Michael D Ehlers

¹Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Box 3209, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA.

|October 16, 2009

Summary

Understanding brain function requires studying neuronal structure and connectivity. New molecular genetics and advanced imaging techniques reveal intricate neural circuits and synapses in living brains.

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Last Updated: Jun 19, 2026

A Rapid Approach to High-Resolution Fluorescence Imaging in Semi-Thick Brain Slices

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Published on: July 26, 2011

In Vivo Two-photon Imaging Of Experience-dependent Molecular Changes In Cortical Neurons

In Vivo Two-photon Imaging Of Experience-dependent Molecular Changes In Cortical Neurons

Published on: January 5, 2013

Viral Tracing of Genetically Defined Neural Circuitry

Viral Tracing of Genetically Defined Neural Circuitry

Published on: October 17, 2012

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Cell Biology
Biophysics

Background:

Brain function arises from complex neuronal morphologies, organization, and connectivity.
Classic histological staining and neuronal tracing methods historically informed the structure-function relationship.
Emerging technologies offer unprecedented insights into neural organization.

Purpose of the Study:

To highlight the advancements in tools and techniques for studying neural anatomy and function.
To emphasize the integration of molecular genetics and advanced imaging for understanding brain circuits.
To underscore the importance of subcellular synaptic organization in living brains.

Main Methods:

Utilizing molecular genetics for targeted neuronal analysis.
Employing advanced optical and electron microscopy for high-resolution imaging.
Integrating diverse techniques to probe neural anatomy and functional connectivity.

Main Results:

Revealing previously unattainable details of functional circuit connectivity.
Characterizing the subcellular organization of synapses in vivo.
Demonstrating the power of a combined molecular and imaging 'toolbox'.

Conclusions:

Modern molecular and imaging tools significantly enhance the study of neural anatomy and function.
These techniques provide a deeper understanding of how neuronal structure relates to brain function.
The integration of these methods is crucial for future neuroscience research.