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Phase Contrast and Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy01:26

Phase Contrast and Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy

Phase-Contrast Microscopes
In-phase-contrast microscopes, interference between light directly passing through a cell and light refracted by cellular components is used to create high-contrast, high-resolution images without staining. It is the oldest and simplest type of microscope that creates an image by altering the wavelengths of light rays passing through the specimen. Altered wavelength paths are created using an annular stop in the condenser. The annular stop produces a hollow cone of...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 19, 2026

Shaping the Amplitude and Phase of Laser Beams by Using a Phase-only Spatial Light Modulator
08:39

Shaping the Amplitude and Phase of Laser Beams by Using a Phase-only Spatial Light Modulator

Published on: January 28, 2019

Two-color light-emitting-diode source for high-precision phase-shifting interferometry.

L Deck, F Demarest

    Optics Letters
    |October 16, 2009
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    A new two-color LED light source offers stable, precise illumination for multiwavelength phase-shifting interferometry. This advanced LED system achieves sub-angstrom repeatability in interferometric microscopy measurements.

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    The Generation of Higher-order Laguerre-Gauss Optical Beams for High-precision Interferometry

    Published on: August 12, 2013

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Jun 19, 2026

    Shaping the Amplitude and Phase of Laser Beams by Using a Phase-only Spatial Light Modulator
    08:39

    Shaping the Amplitude and Phase of Laser Beams by Using a Phase-only Spatial Light Modulator

    Published on: January 28, 2019

    Using Three-color Single-molecule FRET to Study the Correlation of Protein Interactions
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    Using Three-color Single-molecule FRET to Study the Correlation of Protein Interactions

    Published on: January 30, 2018

    The Generation of Higher-order Laguerre-Gauss Optical Beams for High-precision Interferometry
    12:14

    The Generation of Higher-order Laguerre-Gauss Optical Beams for High-precision Interferometry

    Published on: August 12, 2013

    Area of Science:

    • Optical Engineering
    • Metrology
    • Solid-State Lighting

    Background:

    • Precise illumination is critical for advanced interferometry techniques.
    • Existing light sources may lack the stability, uniformity, or wavelength precision required for demanding applications.
    • Multi-wavelength phase-shifting interferometry (MWPSI) requires highly controlled light sources.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and characterize a novel two-color light-emitting-diode (LED) source.
    • To achieve intense, uniform, and highly stable illumination with precise wavelength control.
    • To enable enhanced measurement capabilities in interferometric applications.

    Main Methods:

    • Design and implementation of a two-color LED source with feedback-stabilized intensity.
    • Integration of junction temperature sensing for active wavelength compensation.
    • Characterization of illumination stability, uniformity, and wavelength precision.
    • Testing the source in a multi-wavelength phase-shifting interferometry setup within an interferometric microscope.

    Main Results:

    • The developed LED source provides intense, uniform, and highly stable illumination.
    • Wavelength precision is sufficient for demanding multi-wavelength phase-shifting interferometry.
    • The system demonstrates a step measurement capability exceeding 2.5 micrometers.
    • Interferometric microscope measurements using the source exhibit sub-angstrom repeatability.

    Conclusions:

    • The two-color LED source is a viable and high-performance solution for advanced interferometry.
    • The source's stability and precision enable sub-angstrom measurement repeatability.
    • This technology advances capabilities in metrology and optical measurement systems.