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Related Concept Videos

Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems01:18

Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems

Transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS) enable the controlled release of drugs across the skin into systemic circulation. They are particularly advantageous for drugs with short half-lives or narrow therapeutic indices, as they maintain consistent plasma concentrations and reduce the risk of subtherapeutic or toxic levels.TDDS are categorized into monolithic, reservoir, and mixed systems. Monolithic systems embed the drug in a polymer matrix, where diffusion governs release. Reservoir systems...
Two-Compartment Open Model: Extravascular Administration01:12

Two-Compartment Open Model: Extravascular Administration

The two-compartment model for extravascular administration represents a drug's absorption and distribution process. It features a central compartment, where the drug is first absorbed, and a peripheral compartment, which illustrates the drug's distribution throughout the body. The rate of change in drug concentration in the central compartment is calculated by three exponents: absorption, distribution, and elimination.
The absorption exponent (ka) indicates the speed at which the drug is...
One-Compartment Open Model for Extravascular Administration: Zero-Order Absorption Model01:12

One-Compartment Open Model for Extravascular Administration: Zero-Order Absorption Model

Extravascular administration, such as oral or intramuscular routes, is a non-invasive drug delivery method, often preferred for ease and patient compliance. A key factor here is absorption, which dictates how quickly and effectively the drug enters the bloodstream from the administration site. Absorption follows either zero-order or first-order kinetics.
Zero-order absorption maintains a steady rate irrespective of the amount of drug left to be absorbed, making it a constant process. In the...
Physiological Pharmacokinetic Models: Blood Flow-Limited Versus Diffusion-Limited Models00:57

Physiological Pharmacokinetic Models: Blood Flow-Limited Versus Diffusion-Limited Models

Physiological pharmacokinetic models, often called flow-limited or perfusion models, typically assume a swift drug distribution between tissue and venous blood, creating a rapid drug equilibrium. This premise is based on the idea that drug diffusion is extremely fast, and the cell membrane presents no barrier to drug permeation. In this scenario, where no drug binding occurs, the drug concentration in the tissue equals that of the venous blood leaving the tissue. This greatly simplifies the...
One-Compartment Open Model for Extravascular Administration: First-Order Absorption Model01:15

One-Compartment Open Model for Extravascular Administration: First-Order Absorption Model

The first-order absorption model for extravascular administration describes the rate at which a drug is absorbed and eliminated, following the principles of first-order kinetics. This model is vital as it provides a mathematical representation of drug behavior within the body. It also allows for the prediction and interpretation of drug absorption and elimination based on the rate of change in drug concentration over time. This model can be visualized as a plasma concentration-time profile...
Compartment Models: Single-Compartment Model01:14

Compartment Models: Single-Compartment Model

The single-compartment model serves as a simplified representation of the human body. This model assumes that the body functions as a single, well-mixed open compartment. When a drug is administered intravenously, it enters the body and quickly distributes uniformly. The drug then undergoes biotransformation and elimination, ultimately leaving the body. The volume of this compartment is referred to as the apparent volume of distribution into which the drug can uniformly distribute. In this...

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Models and Methods to Evaluate Transport of Drug Delivery Systems Across Cellular Barriers
18:57

Models and Methods to Evaluate Transport of Drug Delivery Systems Across Cellular Barriers

Published on: October 17, 2013

A stochastic model for transepidermal drug delivery.

Wen Zhong1, Malcolm M Q Xing, Xiaoying Hui

  • 1Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.

Skin Research and Technology : Official Journal of International Society for Bioengineering and the Skin (ISBS) [And] International Society for Digital Imaging of Skin (ISDIS) [And] International Society for Skin Imaging (ISSI)
|October 17, 2009
PubMed
Summary

A new stochastic model simulates molecular transport through human skin for transepidermal drug delivery. The model accurately predicts drug absorption, demonstrating its utility for evaluating topical medication effectiveness.

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Models and Methods to Evaluate Transport of Drug Delivery Systems Across Cellular Barriers
18:57

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Published on: October 17, 2013

Visualizing and Quantifying Pharmaceutical Compounds within Skin using Coherent Raman Scattering Imaging
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Visualizing and Quantifying Pharmaceutical Compounds within Skin using Coherent Raman Scattering Imaging

Published on: November 24, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Biophysics
  • Computational Modeling

Background:

  • Topical drug application is crucial for managing skin diseases and systemic disorders.
  • Evaluating transepidermal drug delivery requires an efficient model for percutaneous transport studies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a computational model for simulating molecular transport through the stratum corneum.
  • To assess the efficiency of transepidermal drug delivery using a novel modeling approach.

Main Methods:

  • A stochastic model integrating Monte Carlo methods and Cellular Automata was employed.
  • In vitro experiments using radioactive 17beta-estradiol were conducted for model validation.

Main Results:

  • Simulation outcomes demonstrated strong agreement with experimental data.
  • The model successfully predicted percutaneous absorption of the tested compound.

Conclusions:

  • The developed stochastic model accurately simulates transepidermal drug delivery.
  • This approach offers a powerful tool for studying and optimizing topical drug transport.