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Related Concept Videos

Blood Transfusion and Agglutination02:45

Blood Transfusion and Agglutination

Blood transfusion is a therapeutic measure to restore the blood volume after extensive blood loss due to an accident or a medical procedure. Blood transfusion involves drawing a certain amount of blood from a suitable donor and infusing it into the recipient.
History
The history of blood transfusion dates back to the 17th century, when early attempts were made in animals. In 1818 James Blundell, a British doctor, performed the first successful human blood transfusion. Later in 1900, Karl...
Rh Blood Group01:19

Rh Blood Group

The Rhesus (Rh) antigen is crucial in determining blood groups and ensuring compatibility during blood transfusions.
Blood Transfusion01:15

Blood Transfusion

Blood transfusion is a critical medical procedure that saves lives and treats various medical conditions. It involves transferring blood from a donor to a recipient. This process requires a thorough understanding of the ABO blood group system and its associated antigens and antibodies.
Blood Transfusion Overview
A blood transfusion is a medical procedure used to replace blood lost due to injury, surgery, or to treat conditions such as anemia or cancer. During a transfusion, donor blood is...
Blood Typing01:10

Blood Typing

Understanding an individual's blood group is a critical component of transfusion medicine. It ensures compatibility in blood transfusions, organ transplants, and even during pregnancy. Determining these blood groups involves the ABO and Rh blood typing systems, utilizing specific antigens and corresponding anti-sera to identify an individual's blood type.
Antigens are protein molecules that reside on the surface of red blood cells (RBCs). The ABO and Rh blood typing systems target antigens A,...
Cell-mediated Immune Responses01:40

Cell-mediated Immune Responses

Overview
The ABO Blood Group01:12

The ABO Blood Group

The ABO blood group system is a critical element of transfusion medicine, essential for determining blood compatibility in transfusions and organ transplants. It is based on specific antigens, or agglutinogens, present on the surface of red blood cells (RBCs) and corresponding antibodies, or agglutinins, in the blood plasma.
Antigens in the ABO Blood Group System
Antigens are substances that can trigger an immune response, leading to the production of antibodies. In the ABO blood group system,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 19, 2026

Antigens Protected Functional Red Blood Cells By The Membrane Grafting Of Compact Hyperbranched Polyglycerols
11:31

Antigens Protected Functional Red Blood Cells By The Membrane Grafting Of Compact Hyperbranched Polyglycerols

Published on: January 2, 2013

[Red-cell alloimmunization: prevention and management].

Khaled Boudhraa1, Sihem Mammou, Nadia Ben Salah

  • 1Service de Gynécologie Obstétrique, Hopital Mongi Slim La Marsa, Tunis.

La Tunisie Medicale
|October 20, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Preventing red-cell immunization is crucial for avoiding hemolytic fetal anemia and neonatal jaundice. Early immunoglobulin (RhIG) injections, especially after feto-maternal bleeding, are key to effective prophylaxis.

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Induction of Alloantigen-specific Anergy in Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells by Alloantigen Stimulation with Co-stimulatory Signal Blockade
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Methods for Quantitative Detection of Antibody-induced Complement Activation on Red Blood Cells
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Methods for Quantitative Detection of Antibody-induced Complement Activation on Red Blood Cells

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Last Updated: Jun 19, 2026

Antigens Protected Functional Red Blood Cells By The Membrane Grafting Of Compact Hyperbranched Polyglycerols
11:31

Antigens Protected Functional Red Blood Cells By The Membrane Grafting Of Compact Hyperbranched Polyglycerols

Published on: January 2, 2013

Induction of Alloantigen-specific Anergy in Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells by Alloantigen Stimulation with Co-stimulatory Signal Blockade
11:55

Induction of Alloantigen-specific Anergy in Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells by Alloantigen Stimulation with Co-stimulatory Signal Blockade

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Methods for Quantitative Detection of Antibody-induced Complement Activation on Red Blood Cells
06:29

Methods for Quantitative Detection of Antibody-induced Complement Activation on Red Blood Cells

Published on: January 29, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Obstetrics
  • Neonatology

Context:

  • Red-cell immunization poses a significant risk for hemolytic fetal anemia and severe neonatal jaundice.
  • Feto-maternal bleeding events necessitate specific preventative strategies.

Purpose:

  • To outline strategies for preventing red-cell immunization in pregnant individuals.
  • To emphasize the importance of timely immunoglobulin (RhIG) administration.

Summary:

  • Early intravenous or intramuscular RhIG injections (200-300 IU) are recommended based on pregnancy stage and Kleihauer's test results.
  • Systematic prophylaxis with 300 IU RhIG at 28 weeks gestational age is practiced globally, requiring professional diligence.
  • If systematic prophylaxis is administered, repeat immune anti-D (IAR) testing may not be needed until delivery; otherwise, IAR testing at 8 months is advised.

Impact:

  • Effective prevention of hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn.
  • Reduced incidence of severe neonatal jaundice.
  • Improved management protocols for Rh-negative pregnant individuals, particularly after potential feto-maternal hemorrhage.