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Related Concept Videos

Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...
Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...
Protein Networks02:26

Protein Networks

An organism can have thousands of different proteins, and these proteins must cooperate to ensure the health of an organism. Proteins bind to other proteins and form complexes to carry out their functions. Many proteins interact with multiple other proteins creating a complex network of protein interactions.
These interactions can be represented through maps depicting protein-protein interaction networks, represented as nodes and edges. Nodes are circles that are representative of a protein,...
Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response01:27

Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response

Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine02:50

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 19, 2026

Defining Gene Functions in Tumorigenesis by Ex vivo Ablation of Floxed Alleles in Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor Cells
09:37

Defining Gene Functions in Tumorigenesis by Ex vivo Ablation of Floxed Alleles in Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor Cells

Published on: August 25, 2021

Proteins selectively killing tumor cells.

Mathieu H M Noteborn1

  • 1Molecular Genetics, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands. m.noteborn@chem.leidenuniv.nl

European Journal of Pharmacology
|October 20, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cancer cells evade apoptosis, but certain viral proteins and human-derived molecules can selectively induce tumor cell death. These apoptosis-inducing proteins offer therapeutic potential and insights into cancer biology.

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Defining Gene Functions in Tumorigenesis by Ex vivo Ablation of Floxed Alleles in Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor Cells
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A Flow Cytometry-Based Cell Surface Protein Binding Assay for Assessing Selectivity and Specificity of an Anticancer Aptamer
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A Flow Cytometry-Based Cell Surface Protein Binding Assay for Assessing Selectivity and Specificity of an Anticancer Aptamer

Published on: September 13, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Virology

Background:

  • Cancer cells exhibit dysregulated proliferation and apoptosis machinery, often due to genetic mutations.
  • Viruses, particularly oncolytic viruses, demonstrate selective tumor cell replication and death induction.
  • Certain viral and human-derived proteins can induce tumor-selective apoptosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the therapeutic potential of tumor-selective apoptosis-inducing proteins.
  • To investigate the mechanisms by which these proteins induce cancer cell death.
  • To highlight the role of these proteins in understanding tumor biology.

Main Methods:

  • Review of molecular and preclinical studies on various apoptosis-inducing proteins.
  • Analysis of viral proteins (e.g., apoptin, E4orf4, NS1) and human-derived molecules (e.g., HAMLET, mda-7, TRAIL).
  • Examination of protein interactions with transformation-related survival pathways, including protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A).

Main Results:

  • Several proteins, including apoptin, E4orf4, NS1, HAMLET, mda-7, and TRAIL, exhibit tumor-selective apoptosis-inducing capabilities.
  • These proteins interact with and redirect cancer cell transformation and survival processes towards cell death.
  • Proteins like mda-7, TRAIL, and HAMLET have shown promise in early clinical trials.

Conclusions:

  • Tumor-selective apoptosis-inducing proteins represent a promising therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment.
  • These proteins serve as valuable tools for dissecting fundamental tumor-related biological processes.
  • Further research into these proteins can unlock new avenues for cancer therapy and understanding.